@nasser i really don't see how we solve this without government IdPs e.g. https://www.realme.govt.nz empowering social media sites to have "guaranteed real person" filters.

charging nominal fees for accounts works against commercial spam because the margins are so tight there, but China and Russia would happily spend $8 per account to propagandise us.

governments need to fund a service that verifies peoples' identities, provides keys, and does customer support for millions of people.