Gasarch on what counts as "closed form" and what does not, using the Ordered Bell numbers as an example: https://blog.computationalcomplexity.org/2024/05/what-is-closed-form-horse-numbers-are.html

He asks, in the form of a Platonic dialogue: is \(\tbinom{n}{i}\) or \(\tfrac{n!}{i!(n-i)!}\) closed form? What, if anything, makes that sort of formula different from the formula \(H(n)\), denoting the \(n\)th ordered Bell number?

What is Closed Form? The Horse Numbers are an illustration

In the book Those Fascinating Numbers  by Jean-Marie De Konick they find interesting (or `interesting') things to say about many numbers. I ...

@11011110 I vaguely remember reading a longer exposition about this question, I think by Igor Pak, although for now I've only managed to dig up these slides: https://mat.univie.ac.at/~slc/wpapers/s73vortrag/pak1.pdf