I believe that’s called narration.

I think that might be too broad for what OP is asking, though I don’t know the answer. Their example has the narrator directly addressing the audience in a manner that acknowledges the existence of a reader for them to be addressing. Specifically they refer to a “you” which would be the reader. It’s a bit like the term “4th wall breaking” in cinema although not quite the same as that either. Just “narration” means an entity, be it a character, or the author, or voice of God is telling the story and as it says in your link, is something present in all written literary works, but they won’t necessarily acknowledge their audience, which is the unique characteristic they’re trying to identify.