@molten the wikipedia pages for “linear filter” and “nonlinear filter” are a pretty mathy overview. The gist of it is that linear filters can be described completely (for any input) by a frequency response. Low pass, high pass, bandpass, notch are all linear filtering operations. Wave folding, distortion, clipping and other common signal shaping techniques are not linear because the “frequency response” is different for different input signals. Real filters are crucially a bit nonlinear.