Another "Aha!" moment:

I have two 4k monitors and a 1080p monitor connected to my Lenovo laptop, plus a camlink pro 4k. I had been having an issue where occasionally, the computer would lose its mind - hanging, stuttering audio, and apps crashing, etc. I assumed I was pushing the USB bus a bit too hard - after disconnecting the camlink, things would settle down after a few minutes. The problems were 100% repeatable, on two different laptops.

Turns out the problem is heat. I pointed a desktop fan on the laptop and have had zero problems since. The laptops are overall more responsive, too.

@jerry You have a workaround now which may prove to be a permanent solution, which is fine. The heat excess is likely caused by dust that has gathered on the fans (CPU GPU etc) which over time strongly diminishes their ability to cool.
I do an annual round on my modem, routers, laptop, NAS etc. Greatly reduces noise as well