WesDymMay 22, 2023
English has two different terms for words that come into English from other languages. A 'calque' is translated from the source language. (E.g., flea market, beer garden, paper tiger) A 'loanword' is ported in its original form. (E.g., cafe, bazaar, kindergarten) Perhaps ironically, the word 'calque' is a loanword, while 'loanword' is a calque (from Ger. 'lehnwort').
Show threadBlake 🇵🇸
@wesdym I feel like it's appropriate to be pedantic in this situation. Isn't loanword simply a cognate and not a calque? As much as I want this to be true.
May 24, 2023 at 6:53amWeb
Show threadWesDymMay 24, 2023
@blake You could be correct, I don't know. Several sources I consulted and feel pretty good about all say it's a translation of German 'Lehnwort' ("lean-word") (late C19), but I don't know German or German etymology, so I can only trust those sources.
Show threadutzer [Friendica]May 24, 2023

@wesdym @blake well there is:

"Linguistik: Wort, das aus einer anderen Sprache übernommen wurde und an die aufnehmende Sprache lautlich, orthographisch und/oder grammatisch mehr oder weniger angepasst wurde"


in the wiktionary
which Deepl translates to

"Linguistics: word adopted from another language and more or less adapted to the receiving language phonetically, orthographically and/or grammatically."

That is more or less what you found/wrote, is it?

Lehnwort – Wiktionary

Show threadMans RMay 24, 2023
@utzer @wesdym @blake For those who read German: https://www.duden.de/sprachwissen/sprachratgeber/Fremdwort%20oder%20doch%20nicht%253F
Duden | Fremdwort, Lehnwort oder Erbwort?

Dass Castrop-Rauxel der lateinische Name von Wanne-Eickel sei, ist als Scherz zwar nicht mehr ganz taufrisch, weist aber darauf hin, dass gar nicht immer so leicht zu entscheiden ist, was Fremdwort ist, was nicht.

Duden