I always wondered how the concrete the Romans used (such as to cast the dome of the Pantheon in Rome) has lasted so long. Some MIT researchers have just discovered the answer. https://news.mit.edu/2023/roman-concrete-durability-lime-casts-0106

Riddle solved: Why was Roman concrete so durable?
Researchers have discovered ancient Roman concrete-manufacturing strategies that incorporated self-healing. Applying this knowledge toward modern cement production, they hope to improve the material’s environmental impact.