If you want to learn path tracing and render images like this, but have been put off by the math, check out this 3 part blog post on casual path tracing in shadertoy. It is very light on math but still allows you to render some very impressive images.
https://blog.demofox.org/2020/05/25/casual-shadertoy-path-tracing-1-basic-camera-diffuse-emissive/
Casual Shadertoy Path Tracing 1: Basic Camera, Diffuse, Emissive

Posts in this series: Basic Camera, Diffuse, Emissive Image Improvement and Glossy Reflections Fresnel, Rough Refraction & Absorption, Orbit Camera Below is a screenshot of the shadertoy that g…

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@demofox Do you accumulate samples over frames? That's pretty impressive looking for real-time :)
@lisyarus your instincts are correct, it is not real time! :)
@demofox Yeah, checked the shadertoy link. Still pretty cool, of course :)

@demofox great post!

I have a minor inconvenience with blog, want to share if you don't mind.

If I use fairly popular "Dark Reader" browser extension, than blog getting hard to read. It would be nice to tweak background texture, but it's your blog post and I want to be rude with strangers on the internet.

@snpefk thanks! I'll have to see if there's a way to fix that in wordpress