und_mamuDec 23, 2022
Linsey Marr
Listening to a webinar by Malin Aslved on SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens. Unpleasant but good to know: norovirus found in the air in first few hours after vomiting, relationship significant for vomiting but not diarrhea. Average concentration = 31 copies/m3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31257413/
Sources of Airborne Norovirus in Hospital Outbreaks - PubMed

The results suggest that recent vomiting is the major source of airborne norovirus and imply a connection between airborne norovirus and outbreaks. The presence of norovirus RNA in submicrometre particles indicates that airborne transmission can be an important transmission route.

PubMed
Dec 16, 2022 at 6:08pmWeb
Show threadSarah BinglerDec 18, 2022
@linseymarr this makes so much sense to me. When my kids were little and got Norwalk I could not contain it to one person so matter how much surface disinfection I did.
Show threadTim McCormackDec 30, 2022

@linseymarr "Vomit aerosols" was one of those phrases which, once read, could not be unread. I'm glad to hear there is not evidence here (at least) of diarrhea aerosols.

Somewhere there's this fantastic diagram from a case study of someone sick with norovirus who vomited at a restaurant; it shows the attack rates declining by distance from the table the index case was at. I thought it was in citation 12 here, but that doesn't show it.

Show threadTim McCormackDec 30, 2022

@linseymarr Oh oops, it actually is in citation 12, right there on page 484 (diegetically): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2810934/pdf/10982072.pdf

I remember a different diagram, but this has to be the same case study.

I did find another paper concluding that fomite transmission pathways alone (read: waiters!) could explain the spatial distribution. But having experienced the forcefulness of the vomiting associated with this virus, I'd *definitely* believe aerosol as well.