CDs are just shiny punch cards with a fancy reader.

@scottgal The 1's and 0's stored on media do not map directly to the binary in the files you store though!

On floppies for example there are approved bit-sequences to ensure timing is kept and that the signal is not too weak or strong in any one part. Those on-media bit sequences map to a shorter bit sequence in file.

@damieng Punch cards didn't either in the latter days they included error correction too :) Hamming's code was one of the precursors of the reed-solomon codes used in cds https://thatsmaths.com/2015/09/24/hammings-smart-error-correcting-codes/
Hamming’s Smart Error-correcting Codes

ThatsMaths