I love Mastodon and I research search engines, so when we set up a mastodon instance at the University of Twente, we planned to research federated search, who-to-follow recommendations, and trending topics. Students worked on this in one of our courses:

https://canvas.utwente.nl/courses/1426/

REDI (2017-2B)

When engaging with the community, I quickly learnt that many tooters actively oppose search, recommendation and most other "algorithmic" tools. As a researcher in Information Retrieval I was kind of shocked: How could someone NOT like search??

https://idf.social/web/statuses/100146022562227004

Turns out, search can be easily misused to find persons to harass, searching for instance for "trans rights are human rights" and threaten all those persons is way to easy. Who-to-follow recommendations will then give the trolls more people to harass, as do trending topics. The lack of full-text search is a feature, not a bug or an omission.

https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/issues/594

Search doesn't find posts ยท Issue #594 ยท mastodon/mastodon

this may be a lot of work to implement, i have no idea, but imo a search ought to show posts and not just usernames. The only way to retrieve old posts seems to be through hashtags and nobody is th...

GitHub

If you think this is a relatively small problem, then read up on kiwifarms. (and If you think: "Well, but this doesn't affect me", then for goodness sake, please go back to Musk's sorry birdsite!)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiwi_Farms#Harassment

Kiwi Farms - Wikipedia

So, I stopped researching (federated) search algorithms for Mastodon and social media in general. OpenWebSearch.eu for the win!

https://openwebsearch.eu/

Welcome - Open Web Search โ€“ Promoting Europe's Independence in Web Search

Open Web Search โ€“ Promoting Europe's Independence in Web Search
@djoerd that sounds really interesting, but I'm not quite sure I understand - is the aim to build a new web search engine?
@Ruth_Mottram We research possibilities for organisations (universities and other public research institutes like Radboud U. and CERN) to collaboratively crawl the web. We will provide an open web index that anyone may use to build a web search engine. Let a thousand googles bloom!
@djoerd that sounds really cool!