@Saivadla @gautambhatia @vinayaravind I guess you are asking how come some random user can technically block a whole instance. You wanted to understand any feature that is provided like calling for vote? Is that it?
If that is the case, then all users have the option to hide or mute or block a particular domain only for their account in the server. but when the admin decides to block an entire instance, it is blocked for everyone.
In this case, many people were raising issues and giving calls about this instance and
@Gargron being the admin did it.
In my opinion, if hate speech has reached to unbearable levels, it is good to swiftly block that instance instantaneously to avoid larger spams or damages and then users can have a voting process (we have polls) to decide whether or not to unblock that domain.
There is also another approach, where instead of federating openly to all instances and having a list of instances to block (blacklisting), a instance can follow Whitelisting, i.e they federate with only friendly instances right from the beginning and as they discover new friendly instances the whitelist grows.
Recommend reading:
https://nolanlawson.com/2018/08/31/mastodon-and-the-challenges-of-abuse-in-a-federated-system/