okay it's like 3 am and i'm probably gonna have to boost this later but i'm bored so time for a thread on what the black panther party did for black communities nationwide.

a lot of this is going to be coming from my memory of various readings/documentaries - i'm passionate about the bpp as probably the most effective and organized leftist organization in american history - but i'll do my best to cite at the end of the thread

i don't feel i should need to address this with y'all, but nevertheless, to be clear: the bpp started out as a violent organization, yes. some ppl like to say that it doesn't count as violence, but i find it useful to consider it as such. violence for the sake of self-defense is still violence.

the bpp platform from 1966 states, "We will protect ourselves . . . by whatever means necessary . . . . We therefore believe that all black people should arm themselves for the sake of self-defense."

obviously, during this period, police brutality against black ppl in america was nigh-ubiquitous. this was the spark that started the bpp: the urgent need for protection against violence that could strike anywhere, at any time.

for this reason, many of the founders of the bpp took to simply carrying guns with them wherever they went, watching over black people going about their lives, and making it known to police that they were there and prepared to defend their people.

this is, imo, part of the heart and soul of the bpp, and disregarding it does nothing but vindicate them. it was a fiercely *independent* organization that said to the forces supposedly arraigned to "protect" them, "fuck you; we'll care for ours."

it was also a HUGELY powerful PR move, in my opinion. why? well, check out this photo.

this is the bpp at a protest in the capital city of sacramento, california. the fact that they dared to take guns there, en masse, and carry them openly, was hugely controversial, unsurprisingly - but it also exposed many of the foundational lies of reactionaries. their rhetoric of personal freedom and self-defense flip-flops the second it's applied in all earnestness to the people they oppress, obvs.
ironically, this helped lyndon b johnson push through his desire for gun control; the reactionary backlash against the bpp provided the momentum for an agenda they otherwise would've hated. (it wasn't the sole cause, obvs, but that's outside the scope of this.)

the rest of the details of the backlash are also outside the scope of the thread; much more interesting to me is where the bpp took their programs after this.

having effectively put themselves in the public eye, the panthers did not make the mistake of maintaining a reputation as a purely military organization, which would've been very easy to do.

https://web.stanford.edu/group/blackpanthers/programs.shtml is a list of the BPP's community programs. it's somewhat disorganized because the bpp was not a centralized organization; although it's notorious for its charismatic leaders, the party's newsletter was distributed around the US, and plenty of people took it upon themselves to start branches and programs.
nevertheless, you'll note that in the space of 16 years there were >60 programs started by people associated with the bpp. there's a quote (i can't verify - let me know if any of y'all have a source) from fred hampton that goes "First you have free breakfasts, then you have free medical care, then you have free bus rides, and soon you have FREEDOM!"
while obvs a little more bombastic than practical (fred, even more so than many other prominent panthers, was a *hell* of a public speaker and iirc got his start in the party by speaking at rallies to free huey newton), the quote nevertheless expresses a key ideology: provide for the people and you free them.
this is where the intense self-reliance expressed by the bpp is so important: they wanted to free their communities, not just from the overt effects of white supremacy, but from the constraints of the capitalist system imposed upon them; the need to beg and scrape for work just to survive; the insecurity of not knowing whether your children will have a meal, much less an education and future; the fear of the medical establishment and lack of care

others have expressed that *this* was the part of the party that really terrified the government, and it's true - this is when COINTELPRO under lbj and richard nixon started to come after the black panthers, NOT when they were following cops around with guns.

the idea of the black population becoming radicalized en masse through the fact that the bpp was providing for their basic needs was SHOCKING.

the fact that this was a point of division for the bpp played in in a large way to their eventual downfall, by the way. more radical party leaders like eldridge cleaver continued to agitate for a more violent approach even as community services paid dividends, pulling many people away from the party - especially men - while deep-rooted misogyny in party organization often scared off the poor black women who, as always, actually held shit down.
BUT Y'KNOW, ASIDE FROM THAT. the bpp pulled away from the party line of racial activism in america at the time in a very important way. they represented the people who didn't just want a place at the table in white-run breakfast programs, at white schools, and so on. they wanted their *own goddamn table* - and they made it.
i'm trying to find a decent source for this and failing, so if someone else knows better please let me know - but iirc school attendance and graduation rates in oakland, california (heart of the bpp) absolutely SOARED because of their programs in a way that hadn't been seen in decades - they had previously been dropping steadily
the bpp enabled imprisoned black men to prepare for life outside of prison, helping to break cycles of recidivism, at the same time as they started to dismantle the school-to-prison pipeline at the other end. they educated the people not just institutionally, in preexisting schools - they actually started the hugely successful oakland community school as well as teaching people to engage civically through media

it was for this reason that i genuinely think there might have been mass revolution in the united states if the bpp had survived. their community programs made a major difference by simply putting the vast resources *of the people* to work *for the people*

the bpp is honestly one of my favorite refutations to tired shit from capitalists about how no one can make anything without ~the profit motive~ - they're solid historical evidence otherwise.

this thread kind of got away from me but in conclusion: emulate the bpp, y'all. feed your people. arm your people. protect and educate and love your people.

AW SHIT Y'ALL CITATIONS!! i conked out after finishing this bc i wanted to get some sleep before doing housecleaning today

so a lot of the stuff i cited from memory comes from the docu The Black Panthers: Vanguard of the Revolution, which is a really good primer on the bpp's history

also for a better understanding of their philosophy Bobby Seale's Seize the Time, written by a former panther, talks abt how important their methods for radicalizing the common people were

https://web.stanford.edu/group/blackpanthers/ is in general a pretty rad resource written by people who had contact with the bpp and are passionate about preserving that legacy; i used it for the list of programs and did some basic googling
@crowmeme thanks for all this. Reading about the BPP is what made me become a communist. Appreciate it 😊