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Sugrue, Thomas J. *Sweet Land of Liberty: The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North.* Random House, 2008.

Tolnay, Stewart E. "The great migration and changes in the northern black family, 1940 to 1990." *Social Forces* 75, no. 4 (1997): 1213–1238.

Wilkerson, Isabel. *The Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of America's Great Migration.* Random House, 2010.

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Reich, Steven A., ed. *The Great Black Migration: A Historical Encyclopedia of the American Mosaic.* 2014.

Rodgers, Lawrence Richard. *Canaan Bound: The African-American Great Migration Novel.* University of Illinois Press, 1997.

Scott, Emmett J. *Negro Migration during the War.* New York: Oxford University Press, 1920.

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Other Books

Grossman, James R. *Land of Hope: Chicago, Black Southerners, and the Great Migration.* Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.

Lemann, Nicholas. *The Promised Land: The Great Black Migration and How It Changed America.* Vintage Press, 1991.

Marks, Carole. *Farewell – We're Good and Gone: The Great Black Migration.* Indiana University Press, 1989.

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Baldwin, Davarian L. "Chicago's New Negroes: Modernity, the Great Migration, & Black Urban Life." In *The Great Migration in Historical Perspective: New Dimensions of Race, Class, and Gender,* edited by Joe William Trotter. Indiana University Press, 1991.

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Chapters in Edited Books

Arnesen, Eric. "Black Protest and the Great Migration: A Brief History with Documents." In *The Great Migration: A Historical Encyclopedia of the American Mosaic,* edited by Steven A. Reich. 2014.

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Santino, Jack. *Miles of Smiles, Years of Struggle: Stories of Black Pullman Porters.* Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989.

Tye, Larry. *Rising from the Rails: Pullman Porters and the Making of the Black Middle Class.* New York: Macmillan, 2005.

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Kersten, Andrew E., and Clarence Lang, eds. *Reframing Randolph: Labor, Black Freedom, and the Legacies of A. Philip Randolph.* New York: New York University Press, 2015.

Pfeffer, Paula F.A. *Philip Randolph: Pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement.* Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1990.

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Harris, William H. *Keeping the Faith: A. Philip Randolph, Milton P. Webster, and the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, 1925–37.* Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1977.

Hughes, Lyn. *An Anthology of Respect: The Pullman Porters National Historic Registry of African American Railroad Employees.* Chicago: Hughes Peterson Publishing, 2007.

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Books

Anderson, Jervis. *A. Philip Randolph: A Biographical Portrait.* New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1973.

Bates, Beth Tompkins. *Pullman Porters and the Rise of Protest Politics in Black America, 1925–1945.* Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.

Davis, Daniel S. *Mr. Black Labor: The Story of A. Philip Randolph, Father of the Civil Rights Movement.* New York: Dutton, 1972.

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