(2/3) Conglomerates like #ZiffDavis (#IPVanish, #StrongVPN, #SaferVPN, encrypt.me), #KapeTechnologies PLC (#ExpressVPN, Private Internet Access #PIA, #CyberGhost VPN, #ZenMate, #PrivateVPN), Nordsec Ltd (#NordVPN, #Surfshark, #AtlasVPN). They have high-paying #affiliate programs to reward "recommendations"; some even run their own "VPN ranking / recommendation" sites 😏: possibly acceptable for bypassing #censorship or #geoblocking, IMHO not trustworthy wrt privacy.