@TomJewell

We have argued that the definition of the target population, #sampling procedure, and #ItemContent of an instrument jointly define the meaning of measures in particular applications (#PsychometricEpidemiology https://rdcu.be/dgE5g).

Written from the perspective that we were perplexed by psychologists being surprised that psychometric results change when population and sampling procedure are changed, I think it is an illustration of the above from the other side.

#Psychometrics

Factors of psychological distress: clinical value, measurement substance, and methodological artefacts