Mastodawn

𝕵𝖆𝖒𝖎𝖊 🦠🔬💉Jul 8, 2024

#Covid #male #sperm

該團隊分析確診輕至重症男性患者出院90天內的精液，發現儘管PCR顯示病毒陰性，用電子顯微鏡分析後有69.2% (9/13) 的患者精蟲細胞中存在病毒，是否會影響生育仍需進一步研究

該研究建議若確診新冠，延後至少六個月再來自然備孕/試管可能較為安全❗️

🔗: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/andr.13612

𝕵𝖆𝖒𝖎𝖊 🦠🔬💉Apr 15, 2024

#mpox #M痘

猴痘（現稱M痘）為一人畜共通傳染病，在台灣為為第二類法定傳染病。

該研究分析M痘的基因序，推估部分病毒株（如中非clade I）約自2016年在人類社會中傳播，並非單純人畜共通傳染，若想根除必須修正對此病毒的公共衛生資訊以及疫情管控。

🔗: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adg8116

𝕵𝖆𝖒𝖎𝖊 🦠🔬💉Feb 20, 2024

#Covid #mrnavaccines #pregnant

Q：懷孕期間接種Covid疫苗會不會對腹中的胎兒有害？

該研究分析2021年6月至2023年1月在挪威與瑞典出生的約20萬名新生兒（9萬多名寶寶的母親孕期間有接種），孕期疫苗接種與新生兒顱內出血、死亡等不良事件風險增加是否有關

A：無關

🔗：https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2814537

Neonatal Outcomes After COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy

This cohort study evaluates the risks of neonatal adverse events after exposure to COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy.

𝕵𝖆𝖒𝖎𝖊 🦠🔬💉Dec 18, 2023

#Covid #Omicron #JN1Variant

新病毒株JN.1（BA2.86的後代）來襲，目前已觀察到/已知：

- 感染佔比⬆️
- 廢水中檢測量⬆️
- 尚未觀察到病症有加重，但不排除有變嚴重的可能性❗️
- 免疫逃避性⬆️
- 過往感染與疫苗接種產生的抗體對其效果極差
- 強烈建議注意衛生與佩戴口罩

#病毒特性

該研究指出：
- JN.1 病毒株適應性佳
- ACE2結合能力⬆️
- 具有極強免疫逃避力，EG5.1感染者與接種XBB.1.5的接種者血清中的抗體對其病毒株的中和效架顯著下降

❗️不論施打新疫苗還是感染，體內產生的抗體不足以對抗該新病毒株❗️

🔗：https://biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.12.08.570782v1.full

#致病性是否增強

JN.1 在新加波流動的病毒株中出現擁有NS8 S103L突變的亞型，就過往研究指出其可影響免疫系統識別病毒/受感染細胞的能力

目前臨床上尚未觀察到症狀有嚴重化的趨勢，但仍不能忽視長新冠LongCovid的風險，與其他突變可能帶來的影響

🔗：https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9926417/

𝕵𝖆𝖒𝖎𝖊 🦠🔬💉Dec 8, 2023

#Covid #Longcovid #認知能力

不時會聽到確診後患上長新冠（Longcovid, LC）的患者出現認知相關症狀，而該研究（尚未經過同行審查）指出：

相比於無LC確診者與未確診者，LC患者的

- 認知能力⬇️
- 注意力測驗⬇️

❗️認知能力明顯變慢❗️

病毒並未走遠，還是小心一點

🔗：https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.12.03.23299331v1

Long COVID is associated with severe cognitive slowing

Background COVID-19 survivors may suffer from a wide range of chronic cognitive symptoms for months or years as part of post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC). To date, there is no definitive objective cognitive marker for PCC. We hypothesised that a key common deficit in people with PCC might be generalised cognitive slowing. Methods To examine cognitive slowing, PCC patients completed two short web-based cognitive tasks, Simple Reaction Time (SRT) and Number Vigilance Test (NVT). 270 patients diagnosed with PCC at two different clinics in UK and Germany were compared to two control groups: individuals who contracted COVID-19 before but did not experience PCC after recovery (No-PCC group) and uninfected individuals (No-COVID group). Findings We identified pronounced cognitive slowing in PCC patients, which distinguished them from age-matched healthy individuals who previously had symptomatic COVID-19 but did not manifest PCC. Cognitive slowing was evident even on a 30-second task measuring simple reaction time (SRT), with PCC patients responding to stimuli ~3 standard deviations slower than healthy controls. This finding was replicated across two clinic samples in Germany and the UK. Comorbidities such as fatigue, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and post-traumatic stress disorder did not account for the extent of cognitive slowing in PCC patients. Furthermore, cognitive slowing on the SRT was highly correlated with the poor performance of PCC patients on the NVT measure of sustained attention. Interpretation Together, these results robustly demonstrate pronounced cognitive slowing in people with PCC, which distinguishes them from age-matched healthy individuals who previously had symptomatic COVID-19 but did not manifest PCC. This might be an important factor contributing to some of the cognitive impairments reported in PCC patients. Funding Wellcome Trust (206330/Z/17/Z), NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, the Thuringer Aufbaubank (2021 FGI 0060), German Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, FI 1424/2-1) and the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme of the European Union (ITN SmartAge, H2020-MSCA-ITN-2019-859890). ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement This research was supported by funding from the Wellcome Trust, NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, and the Thuringer Aufbaubank (2021 FGI 0060). S.Z. and M.H. were funded by the Wellcome Trust (206330/Z/17/Z). E.M.M. was funded by Ph.D. scholarship Landesgraduiertenstipendium of Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena. K.F. was funded by German Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, FI 1424/2-1) and the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme of the European Union (ITN SmartAge, H2020-MSCA-ITN-2019-859890). ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: The ethics committee of Jena University Hospital (Approval Reference: 5082-02/17) and South Central Oxford A Research Ethics Committee (Approval Reference: 18/SC/0448) gave ethical approval for this work. I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable. Yes De-identified data supporting this study may be shared based on reasonable written requests to the corresponding author. Access to de-identified data will require a Data Access Agreement and IRB clearance, which will be considered by the institutions who provided the data for this research. The simple reaction time task and the number vigilance task can be tried online at [https://octalportal.com/pcc]. The source code is shared using a Creative Commons NC-ND 4.0 international licence upon reasonable written request to the corresponding author and publicly available at [https://octalportal.com/pcc]. <https://octalportal.com/pcc>

medRxiv

𝕵𝖆𝖒𝖎𝖊 🦠🔬💉Nov 29, 2023

#covid #pretermbirth #早產

該研究指出
- 確診新冠與孕婦早產（小於32週）有關
- 施打疫苗有助於預防孕婦早產

除此研究外亦有其他研究指出確診對於胎兒發育的損傷，若身邊有孕婦請多加留意，更加注意衛生與口罩配戴！經評估身體適合個人仍鼓勵接種疫苗💉

🔗：https://www.pnas.org/doi/epdf/10.1073/pnas.2311573120

𝕵𝖆𝖒𝖎𝖊 🦠🔬💉Nov 27, 2023

#China #不明肺炎

中國因呼吸道疾病而入院的患者人數激增，醫院人滿為患

在其他北半球國家如美國亦出現孩童感染人類呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 病例激增的狀態

❗️請注意衛生保持安全距離，接種適合的疫苗，並佩戴適合的口罩且定時更換😷❗️
🔗：https://edition.cnn.com/2023/11/24/china/china-beijing-hospitals-surge-illnesses-children-intl-hnk/index.html

𝕵𝖆𝖒𝖎𝖊 🦠🔬💉Nov 15, 2023

#Covid #Longcovid #Omicron

Q長新冠 (Longcovid, LC) 症狀超過兩百種，確診Omicron後患長新冠的比例為何呢？

該研究比對確診者與未確診者，指出：

- 確診Omicron六個月後仍有10％患者回報有症狀
- 未接種疫苗確診者LC比例較高（32％ v.s 23％）

病毒並未走遠呦❗️

🔗：https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2805540

Development of a Definition of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

This study aims to develop a definition of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) based on self-reported symptoms and describe PASC frequencies across cohorts, vaccination status, and number of infections using a cohort of adults with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection.

𝕵𝖆𝖒𝖎𝖊 🦠🔬💉Oct 20, 2023

#Covid #Longcovid #Brainfog

腦霧致病機轉可能是什麼？

該團隊在掃描長新冠患者大腦後發現確診引發的腦部發炎可擾亂星狀細胞調節麩胺酸（一種參與能量代謝的神經傳導物質）的功能，此功能障礙最終可能導致認知疲勞

針對此失調的治療方案可能可以改善病人的症狀！

🔗：https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987723001822