GES4SEAS MOOCs
We start our examples of good news with the recovery of the estuary of Bilbao, in Northern Spain
This picture shows the evolution of estuarine #biodiversity in past 30 years
#GES4SEAS #MOOC #oceanoptimism
Feb 4 at 8:00amWeb
Show threadGES4SEAS MOOCsFeb 4
After decades of degradation and #pollution (mining, industry, discharges), #management measures have dramatically changed the quality of the estuary.
This was because of the European Water Framework Directive #WFD, approved in 2000
#GES4SEAS #MOOC #oceanoptimism
Show threadGES4SEAS MOOCsFeb 4
Now, it has achieved a good ecological status, sensu #WFD, for most of the ecosystem components, such as #phytoplankton, #benthos or #fish….
This has happened in many other European countries, thanks to the #WFD
#GES4SEAS #MOOC #oceanoptimism
Show threadGES4SEAS MOOCsFeb 4
Also, it resulted in a recovery of #ecosystemservices, such as recreational fishing and bathing waters, which even cover the costs of #restoration.
This is happening in many other estuaries and coasts being restored across the world!
#GES4SEAS #MOOC #oceanoptimism