The open-air central bus station in Dunkirk feels like a Formula 1 pit lane.
Buses of vibrant colors zoom in and out, while passengers board and alight through every door.
The arrivals board ticks over rapidly, reminiscent of a fierce race for podium spots.
Since implementing free bus travel in 2014, Dunkirk has seen bus passenger numbers soar by 165%.
Daily users benefit from the convenience and reduced pollution, all without paying a fare.
"You never have to wait long," says Theo, a regular.
Dunkirk’s Mayor, Patrice Vergriete, pledged to make public transit fare-free during his campaign, transforming the city into the largest in France to do so.
Today, 150 buses provide access across 18 routes for 200,000 residents.
The strategy involved publicizing the program, revising timetables, and enhancing vehicle quality.
By 2018, the free service operated daily.
Montagne emphasizes the importance of creating a positive perception of public transit.
More than 45 local authorities in France have made public transport free in some form, contributing to significant ridership growth and reduced emissions.
Dunkirk serves as a model for other cities considering similar initiatives.
Free public transit is gaining traction globally, with examples from Luxembourg to Tallinn.
Some critics argue about funding challenges, yet proponents claim it improves accessibility and community well-being.
The demand for fare-free transit continues to rise.
The Bright Side