wow. China's new 20 gwh sodium-ion battery plant signals a global shift. this tech is critical minerals free, it skips lithium, nickel and cobalt, works well in harsh conditions and is scaling fast. countries are racing to deploy it because it slashes storage costs and accelerates renewables. while petrostates cling to outdated fossil systems, the rest of the world is quietly building the future without them.
The largest storage of energy in the world is not batteries, it is pumped hydro electricity, and it is dispatchable.

While I applaud battery technology that moves to more sustainable design, and it’s also true batteries can be recycled, there are ways to increase pumped hydro that most never talk about.

Namely, usage of old pit mining sites that are otherwise toxic and unusable.