`Hooker and his collaborators achieved both goals by directing ring-shaped pulses from an auxiliary laser into a gas cell. These pulses ionized the gas and created a cylindrical plasma channel 110 mm long with favorable radial and axial density profiles. When pulses from the main laser entered the channel, electrons in the low-density plasma at the channel entrance were injected and accelerated in the main body of the channel.`

https://physics.aps.org/articles/v16/s177

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Creating Fast Bunches of Electrons with Lasers

The judicious shaping of a tube of plasma by one laser enhances the properties of electron bunches accelerated by another.

Physics