List of great scientific theories - what are your favorites?

(I’m curious to follow up on the discovery stories behind them). To kick things off:

Gravity, planetary motion (ptolomy > copernicus > newton > einstein)

Temperature (galileo > celcius/farenheit > thompson aka kelvin (themodynamics) > statistical mechanics

Genetic code / central dogma (DNA > mRNA > protein)

Neuron doctrine (cajal vs golgi)

Neurons communicate via chemical transmission (dale/eccles)

Memory engrams (semon …)

#science #neuroscience #philosophy #history

@NicoleCRust When I was an undergrad pursuing a degree in Computer Science and Engineering, one of my favorite subjects was Linear Algebra where I was introduced to the concept of Fields, Vector Spaces, Real Analysis,... Proving (-1)*(-1) = +1 from first principles in an assignment was soo darn satisfying and a highlight of my first year as an undergrad 😁​ So I'd definitely say Number Theory! I'll throw in Probability Theory in there (not just for all the Bayesian approaches used in #neuroscience).

Another course I was fascinated by and loved was Finite Automata and Formal Languages! So I'd also say Automata Theory and Theory of Computation - Babbage, Lovelace, Church, von Neumann, Turing, Gödel, Chomsky ... it's a long list :)

@manisha
Really interesting - thanks!