#Bales2023FilmChallenge April 4: Rats in a movie on #WorldRatDay
NOTE no screenshots because I cannot post any content illegal in Germany. However, I do believe it is a must to study any film of far-reaching significance, no matter how repulsive.
I took a long time considering what to nominate for today's topic. This is not an easy one. And frankly, barely qualifies as as film.
In the 1930s, three films (2 British, 1 American) portrayed Jews in a positive light, as victims of persecution through history. When in 1938 the Novemberpogrome took place in (Nazi-occupied) Germany (the term “Kristallnacht” is a horrible euphemism and I won't use it), media was not unanimously jubilant about it. Understanding that violence is not the way to popular consensus, plans were made to change people's thinking about the Jews, using widely available visual media (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazism_and_cinema). In 1939, the faux #documentary Der ewige Jude [The Eternal Jew], directed by the leader of Goebbels' #propaganda film department Fritz Hippler, started production. Scenes shot in Jewish ghettos in occupied Poland were intercut with real, but out-of-context documentary footage, giving it a false sense of authenticity.
A returning theme in Der ewige Jude is disease. Not merely to suggest “the Jew”'s unclean life and religion, but as a synonym of people as a vermin, a parasite to decent (read: Aryan) society. In a horrible demonstration of the Kuleshov Effect, footage of a large group of #rats coming out of a sewer is followed by a crowd of Jews in the Łódź Ghetto, filmed without their consent or knowledge of where this footage would end up. The voice-over states:
"Where rats appear, they bring ruin by destroying mankind's goods and foodstuffs. In this way, they spread disease, plague, leprosy, typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery, and so on. They are cunning, cowardly and cruel and are found mostly in large packs. Among the animals, they represent the rudiment of an insidious, underground destruction – just like the Jews among human beings."
Do remember that, whenever you hear or see comparisons made between people and disease, or people and rats. Let's not just never forget, but always remember and never repeat.
#film #cinema #Germany #antisemitism #dehumanization #FilMastodon #CineMastodon @film https://letterboxd.com/12pt9/list/bales2023filmchallenge/