Lukáš JelínekDneska poprvé v tomto roce na kole. Poblíž Nového rybníka u Kačiny mě zastavili policajti - měli podezření, že jsem tam načerno chytal #ryby 🤣🤣🤣
Snap StoriesLublin Castle, Poland (part 2 of 2)
In the 17th century, the castle fell into decline due to wars and fires, particularly during the Swedish Deluge. Mainly the Renaissance chapel and the donjon survived.
In the 19th century, a neo-Gothic building intended as a prison was constructed on the foundations of the destroyed castle; the prison operated until 1954. During World War II, the castle served as a German prison, through which about 40,000 people passed, approximately 3,000 of whom died, including during a mass execution on July 22, 1944.
After the war, the castle was gradually transformed into the seat of the National Museum in Lublin, which still operates there today, housing valuable archaeological, numismatic, and ethnographic collections.
#zamek #castle #lublin #polska #poland #architektura #architecture #history #historia #photography #photo #lubelskie #miasto #city
In the 17th century, the castle fell into decline due to wars and fires, particularly during the Swedish Deluge. Mainly the Renaissance chapel and the donjon survived.
In the 19th century, a neo-Gothic building intended as a prison was constructed on the foundations of the destroyed castle; the prison operated until 1954. During World War II, the castle served as a German prison, through which about 40,000 people passed, approximately 3,000 of whom died, including during a mass execution on July 22, 1944.
After the war, the castle was gradually transformed into the seat of the National Museum in Lublin, which still operates there today, housing valuable archaeological, numismatic, and ethnographic collections.
#zamek #castle #lublin #polska #poland #architektura #architecture #history #historia #photography #photo #lubelskie #miasto #city
faleinspiracji.plZamek w Mosznej bywa przedstawiany jako bajkowa ciekawostka, ale jego dzieje są znacznie bardziej złożone. To historia pożaru z 1896 roku, rozbudowy prowadzonej przez ród Tiele-Wincklerów i niezwykłej architektury, w której spotykają się barok, neogotyk i neorenesans.
W nowym artykule opisujemy nie tylko samą bryłę budynku, ale też ludzi, majątek i ambicje, które stworzyły jedną z najbardziej charakterystycznych rezydencji w Polsce.
https://faleinspiracji.pl/2026/02/28/20260228-zamek-w-mosznej-bajkowa-rezydencja-opolszczyzny/
Lublin Castle, Poland (part 1 of 2)
The origins of Lublin Castle date back to the 12th century, when a wooden and earthen castellan stronghold, the seat of a land official, stood on a hill. In the mid-13th century, a brick keep was built as a defensive structure, a Romanesque-style residential and defensive tower, which remains one of the most valuable medieval structures in Poland to this day.
In the 14th century, during the reign of Casimir the Great, the wooden fortifications were replaced by a brick castle with defensive walls, a western gate, a Gothic palace, a Jewish tower, and the Holy Trinity Chapel, whose polychromes from 1418 in the Ruthenian-Byzantine style are considered among the most valuable monuments of their kind in the country.
The turning point came with the siege of Lublin by the Tatars in 1341, after which the castle was expanded. In the 16th century, Sigismund the Old began a Renaissance reconstruction of the castle, giving it a monumental character, including strengthening the gate and adding attics.
In 1569, the Union of Lublin – the first real union in Europe – between Poland and Lithuania was sworn in within the castle walls.
#zamek #castle #lublin #polska #poland #architektura #architecture #history #historia #photography #photo #lubelskie
The origins of Lublin Castle date back to the 12th century, when a wooden and earthen castellan stronghold, the seat of a land official, stood on a hill. In the mid-13th century, a brick keep was built as a defensive structure, a Romanesque-style residential and defensive tower, which remains one of the most valuable medieval structures in Poland to this day.
In the 14th century, during the reign of Casimir the Great, the wooden fortifications were replaced by a brick castle with defensive walls, a western gate, a Gothic palace, a Jewish tower, and the Holy Trinity Chapel, whose polychromes from 1418 in the Ruthenian-Byzantine style are considered among the most valuable monuments of their kind in the country.
The turning point came with the siege of Lublin by the Tatars in 1341, after which the castle was expanded. In the 16th century, Sigismund the Old began a Renaissance reconstruction of the castle, giving it a monumental character, including strengthening the gate and adding attics.
In 1569, the Union of Lublin – the first real union in Europe – between Poland and Lithuania was sworn in within the castle walls.
#zamek #castle #lublin #polska #poland #architektura #architecture #history #historia #photography #photo #lubelskie
RYBNAI – Algorithms of Illusions
Sat 21 March 2026 to Sun 12 July 2026
Poznan, Zamek, PL
https://ckzamek.pl/artykuly/13902-ai-algorytmy-iluzji/
Although AI systems are now widely available and widely used, this is not always accompanied by an understanding of how they work, how they are created, and what they actually are. In this sense, artificial intelligence seems to function in the collective imagination like a magician's hat. We drop a few ingredients—commands, prompts—into an impenetrable black cylinder—an application or program—only to glimpse a very real „white rabbit” or an answer to a question hidden even from loved ones. This is why we speak of the „black box of technology”—opaque to human sight and cognition. Meanwhile, behind the illusion that seduces our senses, more or less complex instructions—algorithms—are hidden.
In the exhibition „AI - Algorithms of Illusion,” we want to peer inside this box and expose the illusions of the digital world through contemporary art. We want to encourage us to consider the social, political, economic, and environmental contexts of introducing AI into various areas of our lives: education, business, work, and ultimately, art itself.
Trakai Island Castle, Lithuania
Part 3 of 3 - Fall, Reconstruction and the Present
In the 17th century, Trakai Castle, located in the then Grand Duchy of Lithuania (part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569), was severely damaged by numerous armed conflicts. In 1655, during the Polish-Russian War (1654–1667), when Russian and Cossack troops invaded Lithuanian and Polish lands, both the castle and the town of Trakai itself fell victim to plunder and destruction. Furthermore, between 1655 and 1660, during the so-called “Swedish Deluge,” the Swedes invaded large areas of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, including Lithuania, continuing their devastation of Trakai and the castle.
Despite reconstruction attempts in the second half of the 17th century, the fortress fell into ruin. By the 18th century, the structure was abandoned, and towns had developed around the castle. In the 19th century, the castle became an inspiration for Lithuanian Romanticism and symbolized national identity. The first archaeological and conservation work began in the late 19th century, and the first serious reconstruction attempt was undertaken between 1930 and 1935.
After World War II, between 1950 and 1984, the castle underwent a thorough reconstruction, restoring its appearance to that of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Since 1984, the Trakai History Museum has operated here, and the castle is one of Lithuania’s most important tourist attractions, symbolizing the region’s rich history and culture.
#troki #trakai #zamek #castle #pilis #litwa #lithuania #lietuva #historia #history #widok #view #landscape #architektura #architecture #photo #photography
Part 3 of 3 - Fall, Reconstruction and the Present
In the 17th century, Trakai Castle, located in the then Grand Duchy of Lithuania (part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569), was severely damaged by numerous armed conflicts. In 1655, during the Polish-Russian War (1654–1667), when Russian and Cossack troops invaded Lithuanian and Polish lands, both the castle and the town of Trakai itself fell victim to plunder and destruction. Furthermore, between 1655 and 1660, during the so-called “Swedish Deluge,” the Swedes invaded large areas of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, including Lithuania, continuing their devastation of Trakai and the castle.
Despite reconstruction attempts in the second half of the 17th century, the fortress fell into ruin. By the 18th century, the structure was abandoned, and towns had developed around the castle. In the 19th century, the castle became an inspiration for Lithuanian Romanticism and symbolized national identity. The first archaeological and conservation work began in the late 19th century, and the first serious reconstruction attempt was undertaken between 1930 and 1935.
After World War II, between 1950 and 1984, the castle underwent a thorough reconstruction, restoring its appearance to that of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Since 1984, the Trakai History Museum has operated here, and the castle is one of Lithuania’s most important tourist attractions, symbolizing the region’s rich history and culture.
#troki #trakai #zamek #castle #pilis #litwa #lithuania #lietuva #historia #history #widok #view #landscape #architektura #architecture #photo #photography
Trakai Island Castle, Lithuania
Part 2 of 3 - The golden years and the change of function
After its completion, Trakai Castle became one of the most important political and military centers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1410, after the Battle of Grunwald, the castle’s military significance gradually declined, as the defeat of the Teutonic Knights reduced the threat in the area.
From 1420 to 1430, the castle served as the residence of Duke Vytautas and the site of important diplomatic negotiations.
In 1506, the castle underwent changes under the rule of Sigismund the Old, who commissioned the reconstruction of the residential areas in the Renaissance style. Further modernizations took place in the mid-16th century under Sigismund Augustus, who also adapted the castle for prison purposes.
In the 16th and early 17th centuries, the castle served as a representative residence, although its military significance had diminished. It also served as a storage facility for important state documents and valuables.
#troki #trakai #zamek #castle #pilis #litwa #lithuania #lietuva #historia #history #widok #view #landscape #architektura #architecture #photo #photography
Part 2 of 3 - The golden years and the change of function
After its completion, Trakai Castle became one of the most important political and military centers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1410, after the Battle of Grunwald, the castle’s military significance gradually declined, as the defeat of the Teutonic Knights reduced the threat in the area.
From 1420 to 1430, the castle served as the residence of Duke Vytautas and the site of important diplomatic negotiations.
In 1506, the castle underwent changes under the rule of Sigismund the Old, who commissioned the reconstruction of the residential areas in the Renaissance style. Further modernizations took place in the mid-16th century under Sigismund Augustus, who also adapted the castle for prison purposes.
In the 16th and early 17th centuries, the castle served as a representative residence, although its military significance had diminished. It also served as a storage facility for important state documents and valuables.
#troki #trakai #zamek #castle #pilis #litwa #lithuania #lietuva #historia #history #widok #view #landscape #architektura #architecture #photo #photography
Trakai Island Castle, Lithuania
Part 1 of 3 - Beginnings and construction
The history of Trakai Castle begins in the 14th century, during a period of rapid expansion for the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1323, Duke Gediminas moved the capital of Lithuania to Trakai, which initiated the construction of the first fortress. In 1337, during the reign of Duke Kęstutis, the first brick castle was built on a peninsula on Lake Galve, intended to defend against invasions by the Teutonic Order. Unfortunately, the castle was captured and destroyed by the Teutonic Knights in 1377. Following these events, in 1378, Kęstutis decided to build a new fortress on an island in Lake Galve. Construction began around 1382. After Kęstutis’s death, his son, Grand Duke Vytautas, continued the construction and expansion of the castle. The fortress was ultimately completed between 1404 and 1408, representing the Gothic architectural style. The castle served as a strategic defensive fortress and a princely residence, constituting an important defensive point against the Teutonic Knights.
#troki #trakai #zamek #castle #pilis #litwa #lithuania #lietuva #historia #history #widok #view #landscape #architektura #architecture #photo #photography
Part 1 of 3 - Beginnings and construction
The history of Trakai Castle begins in the 14th century, during a period of rapid expansion for the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1323, Duke Gediminas moved the capital of Lithuania to Trakai, which initiated the construction of the first fortress. In 1337, during the reign of Duke Kęstutis, the first brick castle was built on a peninsula on Lake Galve, intended to defend against invasions by the Teutonic Order. Unfortunately, the castle was captured and destroyed by the Teutonic Knights in 1377. Following these events, in 1378, Kęstutis decided to build a new fortress on an island in Lake Galve. Construction began around 1382. After Kęstutis’s death, his son, Grand Duke Vytautas, continued the construction and expansion of the castle. The fortress was ultimately completed between 1404 and 1408, representing the Gothic architectural style. The castle served as a strategic defensive fortress and a princely residence, constituting an important defensive point against the Teutonic Knights.
#troki #trakai #zamek #castle #pilis #litwa #lithuania #lietuva #historia #history #widok #view #landscape #architektura #architecture #photo #photography
Castle in Kaunas, Lithuania (part 2 of 2)
After the Battle of Grunwald in 1410, the castle lost its strategic importance and served primarily administrative and judicial functions. In the 16th century, it was expanded, including the addition of a bastion on the southeastern side. In the 17th century, floods and warfare caused further destruction. In 1655, the town and castle burned down during the Swedish invasion, and the building ultimately fell into ruin.
Until the 18th century, the castle served as a prison, and after the Third Partition of Poland, the Russians allowed houses to be built on its grounds, further exacerbating the damage.
The castle’s location next to the flooding Neris River contributed to the collapse of sections of the walls. Only parts of the structure survive today, including a four-sided tower, wall fragments, and a bastion from the 16th century.
Archaeological and conservation work was carried out in the 20th and 21st centuries, and between 2010 and 2011, a reconstruction project was carried out, including the reconstruction of part of the tower and walls.
Currently, the castle houses a branch of the Kaunas City Museum, and the building itself is a venue for numerous cultural events, festivals and knightly tournaments, constituting one of the city’s main tourist attractions.
#kowno #kauno #kaunas #litwa #lithuania #zamek #castle #pilis #wieza #tower #baszta #pogon #vytis #miasto #city #widok #landscape #historia #history
After the Battle of Grunwald in 1410, the castle lost its strategic importance and served primarily administrative and judicial functions. In the 16th century, it was expanded, including the addition of a bastion on the southeastern side. In the 17th century, floods and warfare caused further destruction. In 1655, the town and castle burned down during the Swedish invasion, and the building ultimately fell into ruin.
Until the 18th century, the castle served as a prison, and after the Third Partition of Poland, the Russians allowed houses to be built on its grounds, further exacerbating the damage.
The castle’s location next to the flooding Neris River contributed to the collapse of sections of the walls. Only parts of the structure survive today, including a four-sided tower, wall fragments, and a bastion from the 16th century.
Archaeological and conservation work was carried out in the 20th and 21st centuries, and between 2010 and 2011, a reconstruction project was carried out, including the reconstruction of part of the tower and walls.
Currently, the castle houses a branch of the Kaunas City Museum, and the building itself is a venue for numerous cultural events, festivals and knightly tournaments, constituting one of the city’s main tourist attractions.
#kowno #kauno #kaunas #litwa #lithuania #zamek #castle #pilis #wieza #tower #baszta #pogon #vytis #miasto #city #widok #landscape #historia #history
Castle in Kaunas, Lithuania (part 1 of 2)
Kaunas Castle is considered the oldest stone castle in Lithuania, and also the only preserved one with two lines of defensive walls.
The first stone castle was built in an uninhabited area at the confluence of the Neris and Nemunas rivers, around the mid-14th century, as part of a fortification system protecting Vilnius and Trakai from the Teutonic Knights. It was an irregular quadrilateral structure with reinforced double stone walls, measuring 330 meters in length, and included two towers.
First mentioned in Teutonic sources in 1361, the castle was captured and almost completely destroyed after a three-week siege by the Teutonic Knights in 1362, who used catapults and siege towers.
After the Teutonic Knights withdrew, the Lithuanians built earthen fortifications on the spot, followed by a new stone castle. Further battles and sieges in the 14th century, including in 1384 and 1391, led to the destruction and rebuilding of the stronghold. Around 1396, the castle already belonged to the Teutonic Knights, who expanded it as a base for their campaigns.
The castle changed hands several more times as a result of armed conflicts. In 1396, an armistice was signed within its walls between the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and Vytautas, after which Kaunas became a border town near the territory of Samogitia, which was under Teutonic rule.
#kowno #kauno #kaunas #litwa #lithuania #zamek #castle #pilis #wieza #tower #baszta #pogon #vytis #miasto #city #widok #landscape #historia #history
Kaunas Castle is considered the oldest stone castle in Lithuania, and also the only preserved one with two lines of defensive walls.
The first stone castle was built in an uninhabited area at the confluence of the Neris and Nemunas rivers, around the mid-14th century, as part of a fortification system protecting Vilnius and Trakai from the Teutonic Knights. It was an irregular quadrilateral structure with reinforced double stone walls, measuring 330 meters in length, and included two towers.
First mentioned in Teutonic sources in 1361, the castle was captured and almost completely destroyed after a three-week siege by the Teutonic Knights in 1362, who used catapults and siege towers.
After the Teutonic Knights withdrew, the Lithuanians built earthen fortifications on the spot, followed by a new stone castle. Further battles and sieges in the 14th century, including in 1384 and 1391, led to the destruction and rebuilding of the stronghold. Around 1396, the castle already belonged to the Teutonic Knights, who expanded it as a base for their campaigns.
The castle changed hands several more times as a result of armed conflicts. In 1396, an armistice was signed within its walls between the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and Vytautas, after which Kaunas became a border town near the territory of Samogitia, which was under Teutonic rule.
#kowno #kauno #kaunas #litwa #lithuania #zamek #castle #pilis #wieza #tower #baszta #pogon #vytis #miasto #city #widok #landscape #historia #history
