At the end of the #Permian, around 252 million years ago, volcanoes in the Siberian Traps spewed lava over an area almost the size of Australia, igniting massive wildfires, burning vast oil and coal deposits, and pouring #greenhouse gases into the #atmosphere.

After such apocalypses, Earth’s #climate typically reverts more or less to normal within 80 000–200 000 years, thanks to the interaction of the global carbon and silica cycles via #silicate weathering.

https://eos.org/articles/clays-may-have-slowed-earths-recovery-after-the-great-dying

Using data from NASA’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), SwRI scientists identify water molecules on asteroids for the first time

➡️ Press Release: https://www.swri.org/press-release/swri-scientists-identify-water-molecules-asteroids-the-first-time
➡️ Research paper by Anicia Arredondo and co-authors: https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ad18b8

#SOFIA #NASA #infrared #spectroscopy #astronomy #observatory #asteroid #asteroids #astrophysics #astrodon #space #planetary #science #research #STEM #SwRI #water #molecules #solar #nebula #earth #silicate #solarsystem

#Blue #Quartz is a form of #SiliconDioxide #crystal.
Impurities in on on the crystal alter its growth.
In the case of #BlueQuartz, the impurity is sodium or even other #silicate materials.

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#MineralPhotography, #Geology, #QuartzCrystals, #Photograph

A #macro #perspective of a #blue #quartz #crystal.
Quartz (#SiliconDioxide) is normally a colorless crystal, but inclusions of other #silicate #minerals creates a blue-hued crystal.

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#BlueQuartz, #MacroPhotography, #Mineral, #Photograph

#Carnelian is a form of #chalcedony whose amber, brown, and even green hues are caused by inclusions of iron oxide and other #silicate #minerals.
Carnelian is another form of #silicondioxide besides quartz.

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#Crystal, #SiO2, #Mineralogy, #Geology, #Macro, #MacroPhotography, #Photograph