Today in Labor History December 23, 1617: America's first penal colony was established in Virginia, creating a “safe, humane home” [sic] for the nascent country's future class war prisoners. Between 1615 and 1699, English courts sent 2,300 convicts to toil in the American colonies, mostly in Maryland and Virginia. Between 1700 and 1775, they sent 52,200 convicts, more than 20,000 of to Virginia. Some were as young as nine and ten. They were cheaper than white indentured slaves and black chattel slaves. Many worked on tobacco plantations.
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