Today in Labor History May 23, 1934: The "Battle of Toledo" erupted when sheriffs' arrested picket leaders at the Auto-Lite plant in Toledo, Ohio, and beat an old man. 10,000 strikers blockaded the plant for seven hours, preventing strikebreakers from leaving. The crowd threw stones, bricks and bottles at the sheriff's deputies. When the authorities tried to repel the workers with a fire hose, they seized it and shot it back on the deputies. Police fled inside the plant gates. The bosses barricaded the plant and the cops shot tear gas bombs into the crowd. The strikers overturned cars and set them on fire, and they used inner tubes as slingshots to launch bricks and stones into the building. When they finally made it inside, they fought the police hand-to-hand. The following day, the National Guard arrived. The strikers initially held their ground against the troops, who shot and killed two of their members and wounded 15 others.
The Auto-Lite strike lasted from April 12 until June 3. The American Workers Party, led by the Marxist A.J. Muste, supported the strikers. He helped organize the unemployed, who numbered in the thousands due to the Great Depression, to not scab on the striking workers. On June 2, the union and management came to an agreement, that included union recognition and a 5% raise, but only after the threat of a General Strike. As of 2007, Toledo was still one of the most unionized cities in the U.S.
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