Interferon regulatory factor 4 mediates nonenzymatic IRE1 dependency in multiple myeloma cells

Multiple myeloma often requires IRE1 to sustain malignant growth, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors show that IRE1 promotes cell-cycle progression via the transcription factor IRF4, paving the path for new therapeutic strategies.

Genetics vs. Lifestyle: What Really Causes Blood Cancer?

Blood cancer, also known as hematologic cancer, affects the production and function of blood cells. Originating in the bone marrow or lymphatic system, it can

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How Effective are leptin Gene Polymorphisms and Methylation during the Course of Multiple Myeloma? - Cytology and Genetics

Abstract Leptin is mainly produced from adipose tissue and released into the circulation. Circulating leptin binds to the leptin receptor (LEPR) in the brain, which activates signaling pathways that inhibit feeding and promote calorie expenditure. The leptin receptor (LEPR, also known as Ob-R) gene is located at chromosome 1p31. DNA methylation consists of addition a methyl group at position 5′ of the pyrimidine ring of the cytosines upstream of a guanine (dinucleotide CpG) catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases. Methylation of cytosine in CpG sites is an important epigenetic modification way that could suppress the gene expression. This study was conducted to reveal the role of leptin (-2548 G/A, rs7799039) and LEPR (-668 A/G, rs113711) gene polymorphisms in patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM). Patients who were diagnosed with MM and followed-up in our clinic between January 2010 and January 2022 were included in the study. The genotypes of the leptin (-2548 G/A, rs7799039) and LEPR (-668 A/G, rs113711) genes were statistically compared between patients and healthy controls. Additionally, the statistically significant effects of these genotypes on survival were examined. In addition, the methylation status of the patients was compared to the healthy control group, and the effect on survival was evaluated. A total of 300 patients diagnosed with MM and 170 individuals to form a healthy control group were included in this study. In the statistical analysis performed to investigate the effect of leptin and LEPR gene polymorphisms on disease susceptibility, GA and AA genotypes of the leptin gene were found to be significantly higher in the patient group compared to healthy controls. In the statistical analysis for -31 NT and -51 NT methylation of the leptin gene, -51 NT methylation was found to be significantly higher in healthy controls (p = 0.002). In the survival analysis, progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with GG genotype of the LEPR gene was found to be significantly shorter compared to others, there was no effect on the overall survival. In the multivariate analysis, it was revealed that the PFS of patients with GG genotype of the LEPR gene was 2.02 times shorter compared to others (RR: 2.017; CI: 1.191–3.418, p = 0.009). MM and leptin polymorphisms have significant features in terms of both disease susceptibility and treatment response.

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Why is Multiple Myeloma So Complicated?

Multiple myeloma is complicated due to its heterogeneity, location in the bone marrow, and clinical presentation of the cancer. Understand myeloma better today.

A Complete Guide To Multiple Myeloma and Treatment Options

Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells, a form of white blood cell found in the bone marrow. Plasma cells are essential for producing antibodies, which help fight infections…

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