New Lublin Gate, Zamość, Poland

The New Lublin Gate was constructed between 1821 and 1822 during a general modernization of the city’s fortifications in the period of the Congress Kingdom of Poland. It was one of two new gates built on the sites of former fortifications, aiming to improve communication and access to the city, especially from the directions of Lublin and Krasnystaw. The gate was located in the curtain wall between bastions number V and VI on the northern defensive line. The design is attributed to military engineer Jan Mallet-Malletski, responsible for the modernization of the Zamość fortress.

The New Lublin Gate is distinguished by its classical monumental façade made of brick and stone. Its characteristic features include the Doric entablature crowning the façade and massive stone-and-brick frames around the arched passage with a powerful keystone. The façade also shows bas-reliefs of oak branches symbolizing courage and bravery, along with traces of the initials of Tsar Alexander I, who was also King of Poland. A wooden bridge, resting on the remains of a ravelin and earthwork, leads to the gate; this section of the curtain wall connecting the gate and the ravelin was reconstructed between 2007 and 2009.

Following the fortress’s decommissioning in 1866, the gate was bricked up and adapted for various purposes, including warehouses and guardhouses; in the postwar years, some of the rooms served as a restaurant and gallery. The New Lublin Gate remains an important historical and architectural landmark in Zamość, testifying to the city’s military and urban transformations in the 19th century.

#Zamosc #brama #gate #citygate #mury #walls #defensivewalls #architektura #architecture #Poland #Polska #photography #fotografia #bastion #fortifications
The Szczebrzeska Gate, Zamość, Poland

Also known as the Florian Gate, it was built in the early 17th century, probably between 1603 and 1605. The design is attributed to architect Bernardo Morando, who was the author of the entire Renaissance concept of the city of Zamość, and the construction was completed by the master mason Błażej Gocman.

The gate was one of the three main city gates and was located on the southern line of the city’s defensive walls, leading along the old road towards Szczebrzeszyn and Lublin. The structure was built on a rectangular plan, made of brick and sandstone, forming a two-story body covered with a hipped roof. Characteristic for the gate are Mannerist and Rococo decorative elements, including the attics and stone sculptures of St. Florian and St. Michael the Archangel, added in the 18th century during a renovation carried out by Jan and Jakub Maucher.

The Szczebrzeska Gate served as a strategic entrance to the city and an important element of the fortifications, connecting the outer suburbs with the center of Zamość. During the partitions, it was transformed in the Classical style, yet it retained its charm and functionality.

#Zamosc #brama #gate #citygate #mury #walls #defensivewalls #archotektura #architecture #Poland #Polska #photography #fotografia #fortifications
O rigoroso inverno friburguense 😂🏔️❄️🧤🧣🧦 13°C

Getting comfy in the harsh Nova Friburgo winter ❄️🏔️❄️🧦🧤🧣

#rj #riodejaneiro #mury #novafriburgo
The Castle of the Teutonic Order, Gniew, Poland

The Gniew Castle is the most powerful fortress of the Teutonic Order on the left bank of the Vistula, built at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries as the seat of the convent and the commander. During the times of the Order, it was the main political and economic centre of the commandery. During the times of the Polish state (1466–1772), the castle was the seat of the starosts. The starosty of Gniew belonged to the Radziwiłłs, Zamojskis and Lubomirskis. From 1667, the starost of Gniew was the future king of Poland, Jan III Sobieski, and after him the castle was managed by his wife, Maria Kazimiera.

As a result of the First Partition of Poland in 1772, Gniew, together with Gdańsk Pomerania, found itself within the borders of the Prussian state. The Prussian government began a large-scale demolition or, at best, a thorough reconstruction of most of the former Teutonic castles. The Gniew Castle also shared this fate. Initially intended as barracks, but completely unsuited to this function, it found a new use as a granary at the beginning of the 19th century. The castle underwent another reconstruction in the 1850s. At that time, it was adapted to serve as a harsh Prussian prison for recidivists. In 1921, a large fire broke out in the castle in unexplained circumstances, completely destroying three of its wings. The reconstruction took place in two stages. The first, in the years 1968–1974, and the second, from 1992, lasting to this day.

Since 2010, the Castle Hill in Gniew has been in private hands. Today, it is a modern hotel, restaurant and conference complex, offering its guests royal accommodation, exquisite cuisine and an extraordinary business space.

#gniew #zamek #castle #polska #poland #history #architecture #architektura #gothicarchitecture #gothic #landscape #krzyzacy #zakon #teutonicorder #teutonicknights #knights #rycerze #walls #wall #mury #mur #defensivetower #defensivewall #wieza #tower #towers
The Castle of the Pomesanian Chapter, Kwidzyn, Poland (part 2 of 2)

What distinguishes the castle in Kwidzyn from other castles is its characteristic, largest latrine in the world! The dansker, because that is what we are talking about, is a sanitary and defensive tower at the same time, it dates back to 1384 and is 25 meters high. It is connected to the rest of the castle by a pointed arch bridge supported by five brick pillars, under which a stream flowed throughout the Middle Ages, carrying everything that was needed.

The covered bridge leading from the dansker to the castle at the height of the first floor is 54 m long and houses an interesting ethnographic exhibition with material treasures of the Lower Powiśle. It tells about the Mennonites - the Dutch people who settled in Żuławy in the 16th century and were co-owners of this land until the end of World War II. Very hard-working, they contributed to the creation of a specific landscape here - architectural and cultural.

#kwidzyn #zamek #castle #gdanisko #dansker #kapitula #chapter #biskupstwo #bishopric #polska #poland #historia #history #architecture #architektura #gothicarchitecture #gothic #widok #landscape #krajobraz #krzyzacy #zakon #teutonicorder #teutonicknights #knights #rycerze #walls #wall #mury #mur
The Castle of the Pomesanian Chapter, Kwidzyn, Poland (part 1 of 2)

Construction began at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. Most of the construction work on the castle was completed in the years 1340–1350, and in the 1380s, dansker was completed.

Initially, the castle was an independent structure, and only later was it connected to the cathedral, and its south-eastern corner tower was transformed into a bell tower. The completion of the new cathedral church is dated to the period of Bishop Jan Mönch’s rule (1377–1409). At that time, a unique architectural complex was created in Kwidzyn, which included two castles (bishops’ and chapters’), the cathedral and the town. The individual sections had their own fortifications, and connected by walls, they created a defensive system perfectly integrated into the natural conditions of the area. The castle became the seat of the Pomesanian chapter, as well as a religious and political-administrative center.

Under the provisions of the Second Peace of Toruń, Kwidzyn, together with the bishop’s dominion, was granted to the Teutonic Order. In 1478, Polish troops captured Kwidzyn. The townspeople took refuge in the chapter’s castle and set fire to the town. During the war, the castle was seriously damaged – during renovation works carried out in 1487, the damaged corner towers were demolished.

In 1520, as a result of further military operations, Polish troops completely destroyed the bishop’s castle and most likely damaged the chapter castle.

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#kwidzyn #zamek #castle #gdanisko #dansker #kapitula #chapter #biskupstwo #bishopric #polska #poland #historia #history #architecture #architektura #gothicarchitecture #gothic #widok #landscape #krajobraz #krzyzacy #zakon #teutonicorder #teutonicknights #knights #rycerze #walls #wall #mury #mur
Castle of the Teutonic Order, Malbork, Poland

The best guarded part of the Malbork stronghold was the High Castle. Surrounded by two lines of walls and a moat, it was connected to the Middle Castle by a drawbridge. The High Castle was closed during the day. It was home to about 50 Teutonic brothers. The castle’s central point was a courtyard surrounded by cloisters with a well in the middle. The ground floor of the castle contained a kitchen, utility rooms and a cell for the most important prisoners. The first floor housed the monks’ rooms, the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the chapter house and the treasury. The convent chamber was located even higher. Grain supplies were hidden in the attics, which were supposed to last two years of a potential siege. A 66-meter watchtower, which was also the church’s bell tower, towered over everything.

#malbork #zamek #castle #polska #poland #historia #history #architecture #architektura #gothicarchitecture #gothic #widok #landscape #krajobraz #krzyzacy #zakon #teutonicorder #teutonicknights #knights #rycerze #walls #wall #mury #mur #defensivetower #defensivewall #wieza #tower #towers
Castle of the Teutonic Order, Malbork, Poland

In addition to the Great Refectory, the Middle Castle also contained the Grand Master’s Palace, the Grand Commander’s chambers, the Armoury, rooms for visitors and an infirmary.

#malbork #zamek #castle #polska #poland #historia #history #architecture #architektura #gothicarchitecture #gothic #widok #landscape #krajobraz #krzyzacy #zakon #teutonicorder #teutonicknights #knights #rycerze #walls #wall #mury #mur #defensivetower #defensivewall #defensivewalls #birdseyeview
Castle of the Teutonic Order, Malbork, Poland

The most representative place of the entire complex was the Great Refectory, a huge hall located in the western wing of the Middle Castle. It was in this hall that the Teutonic Knights organized feasts and banquets. The hall, measuring 30m x 15m, was the largest room of its kind in the whole of Central Europe. It could accommodate 400 people. Its magnificent, palm vault is still supported by three slender pillars to this day. The interior design of the room was complemented by windows with colorful stained glass and frescoes, headed by the image of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the patron saint of the Teutonic Order, located above the main entrance.

#malbork #zamek #castle #polska #poland #historia #history #architecture #architektura #gothicarchitecture #gothic #widok #landscape #krajobraz #krzyzacy #zakon #teutonicorder #teutonicknights #knights #rycerze #walls #wall #mury #mur #defensivetower #defensivewall #defensivewalls