Traditional DC: 10 kW per rack.
NVIDIA GB300 NVL72: 132 kW per rack.
13x density increase. Air cooling hits a physics wall at 30 kW. Every AI rack above that needs liquid cooling.
Liquid cooling market: $2.84B in 2025, projected $21-44B by 2032. 33% CAGR driven by thermodynamics.
Facilities that cannot adapt become stranded assets.











