- after the slave-holding southern states had seceded from the union
- France, the former colonizer, came back in 1825 and forced Haiti at gunpoint to pay former slaveowners "reparations" for the loss of their property
- Haiti thus paid twice for its #freedom, first in blood and lives, then again in treasure
- America sided with France despite its 1823 Monroe Doctrine keeping European colonizers out of the Americas

#HistoryOfHaiti #History #Slavery #Reparations

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https://archive.org/details/papadok

Papa Dòk Ak Tonton Makout Li Yo: Laverite sou Ayiti by J. Bènye Pyè (J. Bernier Pierre); Bernard Diederich; Al Burt; Graam Grim (Graham Greene)

Topics #PapaDòk, #PapaDok, #PapaDoc, #FrançoisDuvalier, #Haiti, #Ayiti, #politik, #antiblackness, #anticommunism, #HaitianCreole, #KreyòlAyisyen, #kreyòl, #TontonMacoutes, #TontonMakout, #Makout, #istwa, #Duvalier, #Haitianhistory, #historyofHaiti, #istwaAyiti, #Karayib, #istwaKarayib, #Dominikani, #Repiblikdominikèn, #etazini

ISBN 10: 1539917142
ISBN 13: 9781539917144
Edisyon: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

https://archive.org/details/stateagainstnation

Haiti, State Against Nation: The Origins and Legacy of Duvalierism by Michel-Rolph Trouillot

Topics
#Haiti, #Haïti, #Ayiti, #Duvalier, #Duvaliers, #Duvalierism, #Duvalierisme, #PapaDoc, #BabyDoc, #FrançoisDuvalier, #JeanClaudeDuvalier, #imperialism, #noirism, #noirisme, #antiblackness, #history, #Haitianhistory, #historyofHaiti, #colorism, #antiblackness, #capitalism, #Caribbean, #anticommunism, #nationalism, #stateterror

"In the euphoria that followed the departure of Haiti’s hated dictator, Jean-Claude Duvalier, most Haitian and foreign analysts treated the regimes of the two Duvaliers, father and son, as a historical nightmare created by the malevolent minds of the leaders and their supporters. Yet the crisis, economic and political, that faces this small Caribbean nation did not begin with the dictatorship, and is far from being solved, despite its departure from the scene. In this fascinating study, Haitian-born Michel-Rolph Trouillot examines the mechanisms through which the Duvaliers ruthlessly won and then held onto power for twenty-nine years."