Medea
Her name literally means ‘planner, schemer.’ (This becomes relevant later, trust us!)
In Greek mythology, Medea is the daughter of King Aeetes of Colchis (modern-day Georgia, the country). She was also the granddaughter of the sun god, Helios. She was a niece of Circe, an enchantress goddess. Her mom may have been Idyia. This divine lineage gave her “golden eyes” & a terrifying intellectual capacity. She was wicked smart.
In most stories, Medea is known as a sorceress, an accomplished pharmakis, a worker in pharmakeia (medicinal magic), & is often depicted as a high-priestess of the goddess Hecate.
To the Athenians, Colchis was the edge of the known world. Medea represented the “Eastern” woman: dangerous, knowledgeable in “pharmaka” (drugs/magic), & unbound by Greek social norms. Medea was a priestess of Hecate, the goddess of witchcraft, crossroads, & the underworld.
She first appears in Hesiod’s Theogony around 700 BC. But is best known from Euripides’ 431 BCE Medea & Apollonius of Rhodes’ 3rd century BC epic Argonautica.
In the myth of the Argonauts, she helps Jason in his search for the Golden Fleece. She was struck by Eros (often pictured as the interference of Hera & Aphrodite), Medea betrays her dad, & kills her brother, to help Jason. To ensure Jason’s (& the Argonauts) escape, she unalives her own brother, Apsyrtus, scattering his remains in the sea so her dad would have to slow down to collect the remains for burial.
This act marked her transition from a domestic princess to a woman who’s “burned her bridges” to the world of men. ONce Jason finishes his quest, she abandons her homeland of Colchis & flees westward with Jason. Medea then marries Jason. She & Jason have at least 2 sons together.
They live in Corinth. Jason abandons Medea to marry the daughter of King Creon of Corinth, named Creusa/Glauce. He did this for political gain, after 10 years of marriage to Medea. Medea is then exiled from Corinth by King Creon.
She was offered asylum in Athens by King Aegeus. This asylum is given after Medea offers the king to give him an heir by using her magic. In some stories, it’s Medea who’s King Aegeus’ baby mama. But Medea wasn’t happy at being rejected by Jason after he made a vow to Hera to love Medea, & be only hers, forever.
This is where Medea’s divine lineage comes into play. Her “Sophia” (wisdom/cleverness) turns deadly. Medea decides the only way to truly destroy/hurt Jason is to unalive their 2 sons & his new bride (who is unalived by a poisoned crown/robes/dress).
Medea weighs her “thymos” (passion/rage) against her “bouleumata” (plans), & the rage wins. She did this so Jason would be without heirs or a legacy for the rest of his life. She didn’t even let Jason hold the bodies of their 2 dead sons, so that he could properly grieve.
Medea wasn’t punished for her actions. Her grandpa, the sun god Helios, sent a chariot pulled by dragons to rescue her. She escaped Athens, carrying the bodies of her children, leaving Jason a broken man.
Or according to Herodotus (in his Histories) mentions that she ended up leaving Athens & settling among the Aryans, who ended up changing their name to the Medes.
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