Thinking about the funny arrangements of video & audio heads on the VHS video drums.
The first two images are real units I have - JVC BR-S800U and Panasonic AG-W1, the latter is additional theory that explains difference between video and audio signals (VHS pushes Hi-Fi signal deeper into tape - requires special configuration of heads to write & read).
- SP/EP heads: different gap width to align with different track widths for SP (1x) or EP (1/3x) mode
- 35 micrometer heads: SP heads for NTSC-like systems (60 Hz)
- 49 micrometer heads: SP heads for PAL-like systems (50 Hz)
- Audio heads: Hi-Fi audio heads as described above (also double set on the multi-standard AG-W1!)
- Flying erase heads: allow erasing video signal on the basis of individual video tracks (for video editing)
AG-W1 plays tapes of many standards and uses it's NTSC/PAL head set to also provide SP/EP support on both standards. Totally deranged engineering!













