Scientists discover hidden “footprints of death” that may help viruses spread

Scientists have uncovered a surprising new twist in what happens when cells die. As dying cells break apart, they leave behind tiny “footprints of death” packed with newly discovered particles that help guide the immune system to clean up the remains. But researchers found that influenza viruses can exploit this process, hiding inside these microscopic packages and potentially using them to spread to nearby cells.

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Activation of Autophagy During Microsporogenesis and Tapetogenesis in Angiosperms - Cytology and Genetics

Abstract In this research the involvement of autophagy in the development of microsporogenesis in shepherd’s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) as a representative of dicotyledons and in Siebold’s plantain lily (Hosta sieboldiana) and Virginia spiderwort (Tradescantia virginiana) as representatives of monocotyledons was investigated. It was shown that microsporogenesis in the studied species is accompanied by the activation of autophagy, which is associated with both the onset and completion of meiosis and corresponds to the accumulation and degradation of regulators involved in meiotic division and tapetogenesis. The presence of cytomixis in meiosis prophase may serve as additional confirmation of the regulatory role of autophagy in meiosis. It was confirmed that autophagy is involved in the functioning and degradation of the tapetum. The activation of autophagy may accompany the formation of tetrads of microspores (C. bursa-pastoris), the functioning and degradation of the tapetum (H. sieboldiana), as well as the formation of tetrads and the final degradation of the tapetum (T. virginiana). This may be because the studied species differ in the type of tapetum (secretory and plasmodial). This difference between tapetum types is not clearly diagnosed, and varieties are differentiated in terms of reorganization, intensity of autophagy, and time of degradation of the tapetum tissue within the secretory type. The obtained results allow for the conclusion that, in general, the functioning and degradation of the tapetum in the studied monocots are accompanied by more intense autophagy than in the representative of dicot.

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Decoding Necrosis: Your Guide to Cell Death & Care

Learn about necrosis, the process of cell and tissue death. This article covers causes, different types and patterns of necrosis, and treatment approaches.

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