Mastodawn

Ruins of Pac’s Palace, Dowspuda, Poland

Ludwig Michał Pac (1778-1835), general, fought alongside Napoleon, distinguished himself in the 1812 campaign. After Napoleon’s defeat, he went to England, where he learned modern agriculture. He used his knowledge in the country, including on the Dowspuda estate. He took part in the November Uprising of 1830. After its fall, he emigrated, and his estate was confiscated.

The construction of the palace began in 1820. The design was prepared by the Italian architect Piotr Bosio. Count Pac, dissatisfied with the design, entrusted the execution of new plans to another Italian architect - Henryk Marconi. It is not known what part of the design of the completed palace was the work of Bosio and what part was Marconi.

In 1823, the construction was completed. Work on the interiors was underway. A landscape park was established around the palace according to the design of the English gardener John Heiton.

For Pac’s participation in the November Uprising in 1830, the Russian government confiscated the Dowspuda estate. By a decree of 16 March 1836, the tsar granted it to General Sulima. The palace began to be systematically devastated. The lessee of the estate, Stefan Horoczko, led to its destruction within a few years. The end of the building came when its last lessee decided to sell the ruins as building material for barracks in Suwałki.

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Snap Stories Jan 5

Hohenstein Castle, Olsztynek, Poland

Erected between 1350 and 1366 near the border of the Ostróda commandry with Masovia, at the behest of Günther von Hohenstein.

In 1410, after the Battle of Grunwald, fought just a few kilometers from Olsztynek, the castle was seized by the townspeople and handed over to Władysław II Jagiełło. After being reclaimed by the Teutonic Knights, it was damaged during the Polish–Teutonic War of 1414 and the Thirteen Years’ War.

During the last war between the Order and Poland, in December 1519, Olsztynek was taken by the troops of Crown Hetman Mikołaj Firlej, who, after the garrison of 200 soldiers surrendered, began an occupation of the castle lasting over a year. After the secularization of the Teutonic Order in 1525, the town was incorporated into Ducal Prussia, and the castle became the administrative seat of the princely starost.

In 1651 and 1685, the castle buildings were damaged by fires. By the late 18th century, after renovations, they were converted into offices for the Prussian commissariat, and part of the medieval structures was demolished. Between 1847 and 1849, the remnants were remodeled in a Neo-Gothic style and converted into a gymnasium. After being damaged during World War II, the rebuilt fragments of the castle were incorporated into a school building.

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