New Research Updates How Powerful Lasers Move Electrons in Dense Solids
How do powerful lasers move electrons in dense solids? New research shows how to control energy in materials like Zinc Oxide without causing any damage.
#laserphysics, #zincoxide, #electronmovement, #quantumscience, #energystudy
https://newsletter.tf/how-powerful-lasers-move-electrons-in-dense-solids-2025/
Scientists found a new way to move electrons using lasers. Before 2025, it was hard to do this without breaking the material, but new models use heat and vibrations to keep things safe.
#laserphysics, #zincoxide, #electronmovement, #quantumscience, #energystudy
https://newsletter.tf/how-powerful-lasers-move-electrons-in-dense-solids-2025/
How powerful lasers move electrons in dense solids to control energy levels
How do powerful lasers move electrons in dense solids? New research shows how to control energy in materials like Zinc Oxide without causing any damage.
Photosynthetic performance of symbiont-bearing foraminifera Heterostegina depressa affected by sunscreens - Scientific Reports
Foraminifera are abundant unicellular organisms that play an important role in marine element cycles. A large benthic foraminifer obligatory bearing photosymbionts is Heterostegina depressa. We studied potential impacts of sunscreens available on the market on the activity of photosymbionts on H. depressa by means of pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorescence microscopy. We included four different sunscreens, with two of them sold as “conventional” and two more stated as “eco-friendly”. Further, the impact of pure Ensulizole (phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid) was tested, which is a common agent of sunscreens. Foraminifera were incubated at varying concentrations (10, 50 and 200 mgL−1) of different sunscreens and the pure Ensulizole for 14 days. The photosynthetic performance was measured after 1,3, 7 and 14 days. Pure Ensulizole had a strong negative impact on the photobionts, which was reflected by a significant reduction of the areal fluorescence signal. “Eco-friendly” sunscreens affected the health of foraminifera more severely compared to “conventional” ones. We assume that metal nanoparticles like titanium dioxide or zinc oxide of “eco-friendly” sunscreens are causing this impact, because these substances were already classified as toxic for several microorganisms.
Photosynthetic performance of symbiont-bearing foraminifera Heterostegina depressa affected by sunscreens - Scientific Reports
Foraminifera are abundant unicellular organisms that play an important role in marine element cycles. A large benthic foraminifer obligatory bearing photosymbionts is Heterostegina depressa. We studied potential impacts of sunscreens available on the market on the activity of photosymbionts on H. depressa by means of pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorescence microscopy. We included four different sunscreens, with two of them sold as “conventional” and two more stated as “eco-friendly”. Further, the impact of pure Ensulizole (phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid) was tested, which is a common agent of sunscreens. Foraminifera were incubated at varying concentrations (10, 50 and 200 mgL−1) of different sunscreens and the pure Ensulizole for 14 days. The photosynthetic performance was measured after 1,3, 7 and 14 days. Pure Ensulizole had a strong negative impact on the photobionts, which was reflected by a significant reduction of the areal fluorescence signal. “Eco-friendly” sunscreens affected the health of foraminifera more severely compared to “conventional” ones. We assume that metal nanoparticles like titanium dioxide or zinc oxide of “eco-friendly” sunscreens are causing this impact, because these substances were already classified as toxic for several microorganisms.
First 10 mins of applying physical sunscreen...
#Zincoxide
#titaniumdioxide
#Sunscreen
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