@histodons @historikerinnen @earlymodern

Bechtold is writing his PhD thesis on English diplomats at Imperial diets in the 16th cent. Braun is professor for modern history in Mulhouse. He published extensively on #emdiplomacy and #peacemaking. He also edited a volume of the French correspondences from the #WestphalianPeaceCongress for the APW. More recently, his attention turned from #earlymodern #peacecongresses to the perpetual Imperial diet.

So, who could be better than these two to write the #handbook article on diets al diplomatic spheres! (3/7)

#HRR #PerpetualDiet #earlymodernDiet #earlymodern

@earlymodern @womenknowhistory @historikerinnen @histodons

Oetzel argues that research has focussed for too long on the #WestphalianPeaceCongress and deduced from there to the later congresses. Thus, we need more (comparative) research on the earlier as well as the later congresses to understand #peacecongresses as a specific diplomatic sphere. Moreover, we should ask why were some peaces negotiated in a congress setting while others were still negotiated in a bilaterally. (6/6)

#emdiplomacy #peace #peacemaking #HistoricalPeaceResearch

@earlymodern @womenknowhistory @historikerinnen @histodons

She sees two reasons for this: the temporality of #earlymodern #peacecongresses (#negotiations could last between a few weeks & years) & the lack of a centre, which at courts was the prince, so that procedures, ceremonies etc had to be agreed upon anew for each congress. This is one of the reasons why especially the #WestphalianPeaceCongress took so long. There was no generally accepted precedence, thus one had first to negotiate how to negotiate. For the later congresses it was a bit easier, here #Westphalia was used as an example – however, not always as a positive one, but also, as a way how not to do it. (4/6)

#emdiplomacy #diplomacy #peacemaking #peace

@earlymodern @womenknowhistory @historikerinnen @histodons

#Peacecongresses are a phenomenon that developed strongly in the 17th century and their function changed over time. However, research still focuses mainly on the #WestphalianPeaceCongress, which overshadows all others until the #Congress of #Vienna in 1815.
So far, #congresses as spheres of #emdiplomacy have received little attention in research. Oetzel argues that they differed in many ways from other #diplomatic activities which were usually carried out in a courtly environment.

(3/6)

@earlymodern @womenknowhistory @historikerinnen @histodons

Today, we want to introduce you to one of our editors: @LenaOetzel She just completed her habilitation on the #WestphalianPeaceCongress and is now preparing the book for publication, so stay tuned!

For the #handbook, she summarises her extensive expertise on #earlymodern #peace #congresses as spheres of #diplomacy in an article. (2/6)

@earlymodern @histodons @historikerinnen

We are back from our holiday break with more #emdiplomacy content!
Today, it’s time to introduce Alexander Gerber! He is managing director at the center of historical peace research at the university of Bonn, the place where the documents of the Westphalian #peacecongress are edited. Gerber also writes his PhD on the ceremonial and procedures of the Imperial estates at the #Westphalianpeacecongress.
Thus, it is not surprising, that for @emdiplomacy Gerber is looking at towns and cities as sphere of #earlymodern #diplomacy. (2/5)

#earlymodern #EarlyModernEurope #history

However, Chigi felt sorry for himself during his stay in #Westphalia and did not hesitate to tell his employer about the hardships he had to endure. These expressions of suffering were not only testimonies of a #emdiplomat’s feelings but also served a communicative purpose. By reporting on and emphasising his own hardships, the #diplomat was able to present himself as a loyal servant of his master who gave everything to fulfil his mission. This in return could strengthen his relationship with his master, advance his career or lead to other favours. To make his reports more vivid, he even enclosed a slice of pumpernickel in one of his letters.

If you want to read more of Chigi's thoughts, you can find his diary from the #WestphalianPeaceCongress within the Acta Pacis Westphalica series:

https://apw.digitale-sammlungen.de/search/start.html?lang=en

(4/4)

#emdiplomacy #NewDiplomaticHistory #HistoricalPeaceStudies #histodons #adventCalendar #adventCalendar2024

@histodons @historikerinnen @earlymodern

Chigi descended from a banking family in #Siena. He studied #philosophy and #theology there. After his studies he entered the service of #Pope Urban VIII. as a civilian and became papal #ambassador in #Ferrara. First in 1634 he was ordained as a priest. This is when his career in the church started. Already one year later he became bishop of #Nardo. In 1639 he was appointed papal nuncio in #Cologne. After the #WestphalianPeaceCongress he was recalled to #Rome and made cardinal. Moreover, he became Secretary of State. In 1655 Chigi was elected pope and chose the name Alexander VII. (2/4)

#emdiplomacy #NewDiplomaticHistory #earlyModern #HistoricalPeaceStudies #history #histodons #adventCalendar #adventCalendar2024

@histodons @historikerinnen @earlymodern