From Earth to #Mars lasts about 200 days. To safely go from those speeds down to zero in that short amount of time requires โ€œslamming on the brakesโ€. Successful #aerobraking depends upon precise navigation, knowledge of weather, and a solid understanding of the forces the craft can withstand. https://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/programs/mars-exploration/mission-timeline

#navigation #automation #SpaceNavigation

Mars Mission Timeline

While every mission's launch timeline is different, most follow a typical set of phases - from launch to science operations.

NASA Science

#Athena came to rest inside a crater, 250m from its intended target. โ€œWith the direction of the sun, the orientation of the #solar panels, and extreme cold temperatures in the crater, #IntuitiveMachines does not expect Athena to recharge ๐Ÿ”‹โ€. Issues with Athenaโ€™s laser altimeter may have contributed to the bad landing https://www.straitstimes.com/world/united-states/us-company-says-moon-mission-over-after-landing-sideways-again

#IM2 #SpaceNavigation

US company says moon mission over after another sideways landing

It comes just days after Texas rival Firefly Aerospace successfully landed its Blue Ghost lander on its first attempt. Read more at straitstimes.com.

The Straits Times

#KinetX, founded in ๐Ÿ“† 1992, is No. 10 on the list of the worldโ€™s 50 most innovative companies ๐Ÿ“Š of ๐Ÿ“† 2024 https://www.fastcompany.com/91037713/kinetx-most-innovative-companies-2024

#SpaceCompany #SpaceNavigation

How this private space company charted a path to a distant asteroidโ€”and back

KinetX's work on NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission helped bring the oldest samples of water and carbon to Earth. Its one of Fast Company's Most Innovative Companies.

Fast Company

20 things to see ๐Ÿ“ท on the #Moon https://www.astronomy.com/observing/things-to-see-on-the-moon-an-observers-guide-to-lunar-names/

๐Ÿงญ #Navigation : #Marble is a virtual globe ๐ŸŒ application which allows the user to choose among the #Earth, the #Moon, #Venus, #Mars and other planets ๐Ÿช https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marble_(software) | https://marble.kde.org

#SpaceTourism #SpaceNavigation

20 things to see on the Moon: An observerโ€™s guide to lunar names

Here are some fascinating things to see on the Moon you have heard of โ€” and some more you probably haven't.

Astronomy Magazine

With the increase in human and #robotic ๐Ÿค– exploration, we must provide Position, Navigation ๐Ÿงญ and Timing โฑ๏ธ services anywhere on the Moon ๐ŸŒ™. We must also enable #wireless communication ๐Ÿ“ถ https://navlab.stanford.edu/research/LunarPNT

#SpaceExploration #SpaceCommunication #SpaceNavigation

Positioning, Navigation and Timing for Space Robotics

Navigation and Autonomous Vehicles (NAV) Lab

Malapert A is a satellite crater to #Malapert, a 69 km #crater. The #IM1 landing site is about 300 km from the #Moonโ€™s ๐ŸŒ™ south pole. https://www.intuitivemachines.com/_files/ugd/7c27f7_51f84ee63ea744a9b7312d17fefa9606.pdf

Picture: #Marble screenshot https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marble_(software)

#IntuitiveMachines #NovaC #SpaceNavigation

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency explains how โ€˜moon sniperโ€™ spacecraft lands

YouTube

Space

Physical Sciences
#Astronomy #AstroPhysics #Cosmology

General
#AsteroidMining #Asteroids #AsteroidThreat #Astrodon #Astronomers #AstronomyMastodon #AstroPhotography #AstroTuesday #BlackHole #BlackHoles #CelestialBodyLanding #ClearSkies #Comet #Comets #DarkEnergy #DarkMatter #DeepSky #DSOC (Deep Space Optical Communications) #Exoplanets #Galaxy #Galaxies #Gravity #GravitationalWaves #HallEffectThruster #HumanSpaceflight #HumanSpaceflightBasics #HumanSpaceflightHealth #HumanSpaceflightSecurity #ISRU (in situ resource utilization) #LaunchCost #Lunar3dPrinting #MoonMining #NightSky #Observatory #Planetarium #PlanetsryScience #PrivateSpaceflight #Pulsars #Quasars #ReusableLaunchVehicle #RocketEngine #RocketScience #SatelliteImprovement #SatelliteInternetAccess #Satellites #SBSP (Space-based Solar Power) #SmallSat #SolarPhysics #Space #SpaceAgency #SpaceCommunication #SpaceCompany #SpaceCraft #SpaceColonization #SpacecraftComparison #SpacecraftPropulsion #SpaceDebris #Spacedon #SpaceEnergy #SpaceEvent #SpaceExploration #SpaceFood #SpaceForce #SpaceHabitat #SpaceHistory #SpaceHotel #SpaceIndustry #SpaceInfrastructure #SpaceLogistics #SpaceMaintenance #SpaceMastodon #SpaceMining #SpaceNavigation #SpacePhotography #SpacePlants #SpacePolitics #SpacePort #SpaceRegulation #SpaceRobot #SpaceScience #SpaceSciFi #SpaceShip #SpaceScience #SpaceStation #SpaceSuit #SpaceTelescope #SpaceTourism #SpaceWelding #SpaceX #StarGazing @starrytimepod #TimeToOrbit #Universe

Organisations
Canadian Space Agency (CSA) ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฆ
#EuropeanSpaceAgency (#ESA) ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡บ
European Space Research Organisation (ESRO) ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡บ
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (#JAXA) ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต
Jet Propulsion Laboratory (#JPL) ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (#NASA) ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ
Space Telescope Science Institute (STSciI) ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡บ

Missions
#Artemis (#NASAArtemis) #BepiColombo #Cassini COBE #Euclid #EuclidMission #EuropaClipper #Hayabusa2 #InternationalSpaceStation (#ISS) JupiterIcyMoonExplorer (#Juice) #JuiceMission #Juno #Gaia #MMX #Magellan #Voyager1 #Voyager2

Space Telescopes
#SpaceTelescope #Telescope

#ChandraXRay (#Chandra) #ESAEuclid #EventHorizonTelescope #Hubble #HubbleSpaceTelescope (#HST) #IXPE #JamesWebbSpaceTelescope #JWST (#Webb) #Kepler #MIRI #NIRcam #NIRISS #NIRSpec #Spitzer

Earth Observatories
#Arecibo ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ท #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray (#ALMA) ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฑ #CerroTololo ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฑ #EuropeanSouthernObservatory (#ESO) ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช #Haleakala ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ #Herschel (#WHT) ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡จ #Keck ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ #KittPeak ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ #LIGO ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ #MaunaKea ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ #Paranal ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฑ #Parkes ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ #RoqueDeLosMuchachos ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ #SquareKilometreArrayObservatory (#SKAO) ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ #VeryLargeTelescope (#VLT) ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฑ

Mastodon Observatories
Abbey Ridge Observatory ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฆ @abbeyridgeobs
Burke-Gaffney Observatory ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฆ @BGO
Hamburg Observatory ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช @HambObs
Las Cumbres Observatory ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ ๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ฆ ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡จ ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฑ ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ @lco
Mount Burnett Observatory ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ @mbo
Rubin Observatory ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฑ @VRubinObs
Stella-Luna Observatory ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ @StellaLunaObs
Westport Observatory ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ @WestportObservatory

Astrophotography
Andrea Luck @andrealuck
Astronomy Picture of the Day @APoD
Cathie LeBlank @cathieleblanc
Craig Kolb @cek
Dan Kagelmacher @ManyWorldsAstro_@mastodon.social
David Blanchflower @DavidBflower
DGMc @Astrobum
Frank Adler @adfr
jdsoubeyran @jdsoubeyran
Kreegan99 @kreegan99
Landru79 @Landru79
Loran Hughes @WestwoodAstro
Mollenberg Observatory @MollenbergSky
Naztronomy @naz
Noom @noom
Philo @philo
Roger Sliva @rsliva@astrodon.social
Simeon SchmauรŸ @stim3on
UniversoMagico @UniversoMagico

Solar System
#Sun #SolarCorona
#KuiperBelt

Planets
#Mercury
#Venus
#Earth
โ€ข #Moon #Lunar
#Mars
โ€ข #Phobos #Deimos
#Jupiter
โ€ข #Callisto #Ganymede #Europa #Io
#Saturn
โ€ข #Enceladus #Mimas #Titan
#Uranus
โ€ข #Ariel #Miranda Titania
#Neptune
โ€ข #Triton

Dwarf Planets
#Pluto
โ€ข #Charon
#Ceres
Makemake
Haumea
#Eris

Hypothetical
#PlanetX

Beyond
OortCloud
#ProximaCentauri
#SagittariusA*
#MilkyWay
#Andromeda (#M31)
#Pleiades (#M45)

(See Sciences for Other Disciplines)

(See Index for More Hashtags)

Toot.Cat

On the internet, everyone knows you're a cat โ€” and that's totally okay.

Mastodon hosted on toot.cat

Challenges of #SpaceNavigation : If #Earth were the size of a softball, the #ISS would be orbiting just above the seams, the #Moon would be a #marble about 2 meters away, and #Mars would be 1.2 to 2.4 kilometers away. The targets are small and moving. https://timeandnavigation.si.edu/navigating-space/challenges

Chris Potts compared the target requirements of #landing the #Spirit rover inside a specific #crater on Mars ๐Ÿ”ด to being able to shoot a #basketball ๐Ÿ€ through a hoop 9000 miles away.
Since thereโ€™s no #GPS in outer space, navigators process the radiometric tracking data received from the #DeepSpaceNetwork (#DSN) to determine the #spacecraftโ€™s #position and velocity. They also use optical data, where the spacecraft takes a picture of the star background to help refine the spacecraftโ€™s trajectory https://www.universetoday.com/37934/the-navigators-how-we-fly-spacecraft-around-the-solar-system

Challenges of Space Navigation | Time and Navigation

When a #spacecraft is launched from #Earth ๐ŸŒ, its forward #velocity combined with the gravitational pull of Earth cause it to travel in a curved path. As the spacecraft heads toward another #planet ๐Ÿช, the #gravitational pull of that planet factors in to the path the spacecraft takes. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/edu/teach/activity/lets-go-to-mars-calculating-launch-windows

The spacecraft departs #Earth ๐ŸŒ at a #speed of about 39,600 kph. The trip to #Mars will take about seven months and about 480 million kilometers https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/timeline/cruise

#SpaceNavigation

Educator Guide: Let's Go to Mars! Calculating Launch Windows | NASA/JPL Edu

Students use advanced algebra concepts to determine the next opportunity to launch a spacecraft to Mars.

NASA/JPL Edu