#EAS #WEA for Culpeper, #VA; #Fauquier, #VA; #Rappahannock, #VA: National Weather Service: #TORNADO WARNING in this area until 11:00 AM EDT. Take shelter now in a basement or an interior room on the lowest floor of a sturdy building. If you are outdoors, in a mobile home, or in a vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter and protect yourself from flying debris. Check media. Source: NWS Baltimore MD/Washington DC

** DO NOT RELY ON THIS FEED FOR LIFE SAFETY, SEEK OUT OFFICIAL SOURCES ***

…Fones Cliffs is divided into several parcels. One is owned by the US Fish & Wildlife Service. Two others are owned by the #Rappahannock tribe & protected with #conservation easements. The tribe plans to build a welcome center on some of the #land & create a system of trails & kiosks to #educate the public about the land’s #history & the tribe’s #traditions.

“There’s a connection for us to this land,” Richardson said, “& getting it back is recovering our history.”

#NativeAmerican #genocide

Eventually, the Rappahannocks’ land at Fones Cliffs ended up in private ownership, & for the last 3 decades, much of it was used for #logging.

During the colonial period, Edward DuBois Ragan — the #Rappahannock’s tribal historic preservation officer — said the Rappahannocks “were alienated from this #land, even though treaties guaranteed them the rights to occupy, hunt, fish & oyster there.”

#archeology #UShistory #NativeAmerican #genocide #NationalDayOfMourning

Starting in the 1640s, the #Rappahannock tribe’s land was taken by English settlers who turned much of it into #plantations. In 1924, #Virginia’s Racial Integrity Act tried to erase #NativeAmericans by declaring that every state resident had to be either White or Black.​ The Rappahannocks — as well as other tribes in the Mid-Atlantic area — struggled to maintain their identity for generations & essentially became a #landless tribe.

#UShistory #NativeAmerican #genocide #NationalDayOfMourning

“These are people who were #displaced from their #land more than 400 years ago, and it’s so important that they’re given the opportunity to regain that connection that by right is theirs,” said Heather Richards, the Mid-Atlantic regional vice president for the #Conversation Fund, which helped the #Rappahannock tribe acquire a large parcel of land at Fones Cliffs.

#archeology #UShistory #NativeAmerican #genocide #NationalDayOfMourning

“We had heard the #Indigenous stories of towns on the cliffs, & we had seen #JohnSmith’s map showing 3 towns up there, but we had not found artifacts supporting that until now,” said King, who with the tribe’s blessings, led the work at Fones Cliffs.

The #Rappahannock tribe have been working…with the help of donors, govt agencies & conservationists to reclaim their ancestral homelands. Their work is part of a trend of returning #land to #NativeAmerican tribes…, as a way of righting wrongs.
In 1608, #JohnSmith — the English explorer — & his men left Jamestown to map the Chesapeake Bay. As they traveled by boat along the river, the #Rappahannock tribe tracked their approach from the cliffs while other Indians, armed with arrows & disguised as bushes, hid nearby in the marsh. Just as the river narrowed, the Rappahannocks ambushed them, though Smith & his men managed to escape. In one of the most famous maps of the region, Smith showed several Rappahannock towns at Fones Cliffs.

The #Rappahannock tribe once lived in villages & towns in the lush region, long before English settlers arrived, said Richardson & tribal elders & historians. They grew corn, squash & beans, hunted deer & rabbits, & harvested berries & plants. At the tribe’s peak in the mid-to-late 1500s, its #land encompassed more than 350,000 acres along the river valley, & its population reached nearly 2,400.

#archeology #UShistory #NativeAmerican #genocide #NationalDayOfMourning

…Fones Cliffs sits on the north side of the #Rappahannock River & is geologically unique because of its distinctive white diatomaceous earth—formed from fossilized remains of aquatic organisms from 5 million years ago when a shallow sea covered much of the area, acc/to Julia King, chair of the anthropology department at St. Mary’s College. #Wildlife experts said it’s a rare spot because its #wetlands are largely untouched & serve as an ideal habitat for bald eagles, fish & other animals.