Malaysia’s Federalism Spirit

Malaysia is a federation formed in 1963, not merely an extension of Malaya. It was established through the Malaysia Agreement 1963 (MA63), an international treaty signed by:

• The United Kingdom
• Federation of Malaya
• North Borneo (now Sabah)
• Sarawak
• Singapore (which later exited in 1965)

This means Sabah and Sarawak did not "join" Malaysia as new states — they co-founded Malaysia as equal partners alongside Malaya and Singapore. The intention was to form a new nation — not to expand an existing one.

Federalism in Malaysia, therefore, was meant to reflect equal partnership and autonomy — especially for Sabah and Sarawak, with special rights preserved under MA63, such as:

• Immigration control
• Language and religion protections
• Native land and resources
• Fiscal autonomy (e.g. oil royalties, development funds)

However, over time, many of these intended powers were gradually centralized, leading to calls for restoration and full implementation of MA63 to return to the original spirit of federation.

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Joke Kaviaar: "We make music very clearly from an anarchist point of view" - Freedom News

The poet and performer is a veteran of the Dutch grassroots movement ~ Christiaan Verwey, Buiten de Orde ~ Last night you were with your band Your Local Pirates in Burgers in Eindhoven. How was that? It was a successful evening with a mixed audience: from young punks to old regulars. Everyone was equally enthusiastic.

Freedom News

The major parties are teaming up once more to hinder minor parties and independents. We support campaign finance reform, but it should be fair, benefiting everyone, not just the majors.

https://youtu.be/N3WTlyuhDs0?si=effu-I6xOX_TLxEO

#FairReform #PoliticalEquality #Fusion #FusionParty #Auspol #Australia

Honest Government Ad | How to rig elections

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Hi all, I have been around for a couple of weeks, so I think a proper #Introduction is in order. I am a political scientist and mainly interested in #PoliticalEquality -- and why it is so hard to achieve. My research focuses on #VoterTurnout, political #participation more generally, and substantive and descriptive #representation. I use #rstats and like #dataviz. More info here: https://www.armin-schaefer.de/en/publications/
Publications – Armin Schäfer