A compact liquid hydrogen target system has been developed for the Silicon Tracker for RAdioactive nuclei Studies at SAMURAI Experiments (STRASSE) at the RIKEN Nishina Center. This target, designed for proton-induced quasi-free scattering measurements in inverse kinematics, features a customizable cylindrical cell with a volume up to 125~mL which increases the reaction rate/luminosity, and thin Mylar walls to minimize the protons' angular straggling. The cryogenic system, operated at 20~K, is optimized for rapid cool-down ($\leq$ 5~h) and empty-target measurements, avoiding long experimental dead time. This new setup will allow for high-precision studies of nuclear structure using both missing-mass and in-flight prompt $γ$-ray spectroscopy techniques at the RIBF facility.
A liquid-nitrogen-cooled cryogenic gas target system has been developed and installed for radioactive ion beam (RIB) production at the Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou (RIBLL). Light element gases ($\mathrm{H_2}$, $\mathrm{D_2}$, and $\mathrm{^4He}$) filled in the target cell were cooled to approximately 82-86 K with pressures up to 1000 mbar. Utilizing this target, high-quality $^{7}\mathrm{Be}$, $^{16}\mathrm{N}$, and $^{15}\mathrm{O}$ RIBs were successfully produced via the $^{1}\mathrm{H}(^{7}\mathrm{Li}, n)^{7}\mathrm{Be}$, $^{2}\mathrm{H}(^{15}\mathrm{N}, p)^{16}\mathrm{N}$, and $^{1}\mathrm{H}(^{15}\mathrm{N}, n)^{15}\mathrm{O}$ inverse kinematics reactions, yielding high purities of 85%, 99%, and 95%, with intensities of $1.02\times10^{6}$, $2.7\times10^{5}$, and $1\times10^{5}$ pps, respectively. Notably, a $^{93m}\mathrm{Mo}$ isomer beam was also produced via the $\mathrm{^4He(^{94}Zr, 5n)}$ reaction, achieving an intensity of $5.38\times10^{3}$ pps and an purity of 20% (which can be further improved to $\sim$50% with offline TOF gating). A broader range of high-intensity secondary RIBs is expected to be accessible using this setup, widely facilitating low- and medium-energy experiments in nuclear astrophysics and reaction mechanisms.
IAEA Chief Warns UN Security Council of Severe Risks Following Drone Strike Near UAE Nuclear Plant
📰 Original title: Grossi warns at Security Council against attacks on nuclear plants
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International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi addressed the United Nations Security Council following a drone strike incident near the Barakah Nuclear Power Plant in the United Arab Emirates. The attack reportedly caused a fire in an electrical generator located outside the plant’s inner security perimeter. Although the damage did not directly affect the reactor units, emergency diesel generators were activated to maintain power for Unit 3 until off-site electricity was restored. Authorities confirmed that radiation levels remained normal throughout the incident and no injuries were reported. The UAE has stated that its investigation indicates the drones involved originated from Iraqi territory, with some additional drones intercepted before reaching their targets. Grossi emphasized that the situation highlights serious vulnerabilities at nuclear facilities located in conflict-prone regions. He warned that a direct hit on an operating nuclear power plant could have catastrophic consequences due to the presence of large quantities of nuclear material, including reactor cores and spent fuel. According to Grossi, disruption of external power supplies could significantly increase the risk of core damage or meltdown scenarios, potentially leading to substantial radioactive releases into the environment. He noted that such an event could necessitate large-scale protective measures, including evacuations, sheltering of populations, iodine distribution, radiation monitoring over hundreds of kilometers, and possible restrictions on food supplies. The IAEA has been actively engaging with regional governments to assess emergency preparedness and response capabilities, and Grossi announced plans to visit the Gulf region to continue cooperation efforts. The incident has raised broader concerns about the security of critical nuclear infrastructure in regions affected by military tensions and drone warfare, underscoring the need for strengthened international safeguards and risk mitigation strategies.
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