Money is often treated as an object.

Gold. Dollars. Bitcoin.

But money is really a system of trust.

Throughout history, societies have anchored that trust in different places: physical scarcity, institutions, and more recently, cryptographic protocols.

The debate between these systems is important. Yet the rise of AI may be pushing us toward a deeper question. If labor is no longer the primary source of income, how do people gain access to money in the first place?

My latest essay explores the trust anchors of modern money and why the next monetary challenge may be distribution rather than trust.

https://mutualhorizons.manifoldclub.com/posts/trust-anchors-of-modern-money

#PostLabor #Mutualism #AI #PoliticalEconomy #Cooperation

Podcast Episode: The Most Important Lesson from Mutualism: Save Now

In the late 19th century, when workers in northern Chile arrived to work in the nitrate fields, there were no pension funds, no public health insurance, and no unemployment benefits. They had something more fragile yet more powerful: organized solidarity. It was called mutualism.

What Mutualism Was

Mutual aid societies and workers’ associations were nonprofit organizations created by workers for workers. They emerged to cover needs the State at the time did not address: healthcare, death benefits, education, housing, and a basic pension. Their financing mechanism was straightforward: each member paid a monthly fee. Those funds went into a common pool used to support members in need.

At its peak, between 1891 and 1924, the mutualist movement was the most important social organization in Chile. It paved the way for trade unions, political parties, and the social legislation that governs labor today.

The Paradox of Decline

The irony of mutualism is that the very social laws it helped advance eventually made mutual aid societies less essential. As the State assumed responsibility for healthcare, pensions, and labor protection, mutuals lost their core purpose.

Today, 223 mutual aid societies operate in Chile with approximately 40,000 members. Their benefits are largely limited to death allowances and burial space. The giant that helped build modern Chile now lies dormant.

The Enduring Lesson

One lesson from mutualism has not aged: no one is coming to rescue you. Not then, not now. Mutualists understood this 130 years ago and built their own social security, contribution by contribution. They did not wait for the State or employers to act; they took action.

Today the context is different, but the principle remains. We live in a world of uncertainty, with inadequate pensions, rising healthcare costs, and persistent job instability. The collective response of mutualism is no longer available in the same way. The individual response of saving is.

Saving as an Act of Freedom

Saving is not for the wealthy. It is for anyone who understands that the future is built through present decisions. The power of compound interest—where saved money earns returns that generate further returns—works exactly the same with five thousand Chilean pesos as with five million. The only determining variable is time.

The question you should ask today is not whether you can save, but how much you can start saving now. Because the best time to start was ten years ago. The second-best time is today.

Tu voto:

Happy Book Birthday to RIBBONS OF GREEN by @jfleck, which should be essential reading for anyone interested in the complex relationships between cities and nature, the ways that collective action can help us adapt to climate change, and the “big messy community conversations” we need to have to create policies that actually work.

#solarpunk #ClimateAction #WaterJustice #mutualism

red brick wall

https://quokk.au/c/mop/p/937429/red-brick-wall

The saprotrophic-symbiotic continuum in fungi
and the loss of rare microbiota through agricultural intensification

Saprotrophy-to-symbiosis continuum in fungi. Francis Martin, Hao Tan, Current Biology : 2025 >>
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960982225000624

Banerjee, S., Dasgupta, D. & van der Heijden, M.G.A. Agricultural intensification, microbial homogenization and loss of rare microbiota. Nat Rev Microbiol (2026)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-026-01315-w >>
#soil #agriculture #microbiota #microbes #mycorrhizae #mutualism #symbiosis #saprotrophy #ecology #taxonomy #EcologicalSpectrum #organisms #LeafLitter #PlantMicrobeInteractions #MicrobialEcology

Image: #Fungi, Bellingen, NSW

the people's homophobia

https://quokk.au/c/mop/p/937427/the-people-s-homophobia

the good lenin

https://quokk.au/c/mop/p/937426/the-good-lenin