Asked by the #OttomanEmpire to crush a rebellion in Arabia, #Egypt's #MehmetAli asked #Mamluk élite to parade in Cairo on #ThisDayInHistory in 1811. In the #MassacreOfTheCitadel all but one of ~650 were killed, sweeping aside the old guard to open a period of rapid modernization.

The #BattleOfKonya took place on #ThisDayInHistory in 1832. The #FirstEgyptianOttomanWar happened in context of rapid modernization & industrialization in #Egypt, leading #MehmetAli to try seizing the #OttomanEmpire. The battle was easily won: 3000 Ottoman dead to 262 Egyptian.