More on Bananas from North Atlantic in 2023, here by #MattEngland, Stefan #Rahmstorf et al
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08903-5

They also wrote prose on the Conversation https://theconversation.com/unprecedented-heat-in-the-north-atlantic-ocean-kickstarted-europes-hellish-2023-summer-now-we-know-what-caused-it-258061

Low surface wind speed led to shallower-than-normal ocean mixing which enabled heating the surface more.
Less clouds from shipping SO2 were only marginally responsible and only in small pockets.

Okay. But where did the wind go?
Surface wind is impacted by jetstream. And I think, the jetstream got diverted in June and July 2023 to Northern Greenland. Due to low spring snow cover in Eastern Canada which led to dry soil – which in turn gets hotter than wet soil.
And according to
"Summer atmospheric circulation over Greenland in response to Arctic amplification and diminished spring snow cover over Canada" by
Preece et al 2023
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-39466-6
that hot soil in Eastern Canada leads to a High over Greenland – and a low over the #ColdBlob
East Canada was ablaze in June July 2023 suggesting dry and hence hot soil =perfect conditions for a North Greenland High, diverting the jetstream.

#climatechange #ocean #Atlantic #Canada #CanadaFires #jetstream #Arctic #ArcticAmplification

10 minute interview on #AMOC with #MattEngland , Prof for ocean and climate dynamics at uni in NSW, Australia: https://www.listnr.com/podcasts/the-briefing/episodes/the-atlantic-ocean-current-that-will-change-life-a
The interview with Matt begins about halfway through the clip.

It's about potential tipping of the AMOC and what that means for Australia's climate: warmer and wetter – on top of the changes from global weirding.

The reason why Australia gets warmer and wetter when AMOC stops due to Greenland's meltwater in the #Atlantic #ocean : the #Pacific trade winds get stronger then. And that creates a quasi-permanent #LaNina state .

They mention in the interview that the 3 Nina's in a row, followed by Nino, followed by another Nina episode this year is the first such occurrence since measurements began. And it follows the pattern that would emerge from a tipping AMOC: the quasi-permanent La Nina.
I take it as an indirect proof that we're close to that tipped #climate element.

Matt's team published a paper on this very feature in 2022: "Interbasin and interhemispheric impacts of a collapsed Atlantic Overturning Circulation" 🔒 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-022-01380-y

"model shows that AMOC collapse can accelerate the Pacific trade winds and Walker circulation by leaving an excess of heat in the tropical South Atlantic."

And an article in Guardian and in The Conversation: https://theconversation.com/a-huge-atlantic-ocean-current-is-slowing-down-if-it-collapses-la-nina-could-become-the-norm-for-australia-184254

The chart below is from the paper and shows the connected ocean- #atmosphere system elements in the Pacific and Atlantic.