The proof of concept shows that at the current achievable flow rates of #CO2 and water, it is possible to meet #NASA’s 16-month deadline for refueling #rockets on #Mars 🔴. It can be scaled further to meet tighter rocket refueling ⛽ deadlines. The use of Martian nighttime temperatures for heat 🌡️ exchange can potentially reduce the dependence on power-hungry cryogenic methods for gas liquefaction. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9118664

#ISPP #ISRU

Thermodynamic modeling of in-situ rocket propellant fabrication on Mars

In-situ resource utilization (ISRU) to refuel rockets on Mars will become critical in the future. The current effort presents a thorough feasibility analysis of a scalable, Matlab-based, integrated ISRU framework from the standpoint of the second ...

PubMed Central (PMC)

"As a rule of thumb, rockets launched from Earth must burn ~25 kg of propellant to transport one kg of payload, whereas rockets launched from the Moon would burn only ~4 kg of propellant to transport one kg of payload." https://arstechnica.com/science/2025/02/turning-the-moon-into-a-fuel-depot-will-take-a-lot-of-power

#ISRU #ISPP

Turning the Moon into a fuel depot will take a lot of power

Getting oxygen from regolith takes 24 kWh per kilogram, and we’d need tonnes.

Ars Technica

The parameters of the #NASA lunar 🌙 initiative have yet to be defined precisely. What is the basic purpose ? How many round trips by crew 👩‍🚀 per year ? How many cargo 📦 landings? Will the cargo delivery spacecraft be reusable ? Will descent and ascent vehicles be one and the same ? What are masses of ascent and descent vehicles ? How many landing sites will be used ? What activities are planned for the crew on the surface? What is the ROI of #ISPP ? https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/space.0188

#ISRU

🌙 #Lunar #ISPP (in situ #propellant ⛽ production) : 3 billion metric tons of water ice 🧊 are estimated at each pole*. Delivery from the #Moon could be done by #electromagnetic launcher (#EML)** for in-space refueling https://www.factoriesinspace.com/propellant-refilling

*https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094576500000783
**https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094576523001066

#ISRU

Propellant Refilling - Factories in Space

Database of propellant refilling companies.

¡Hola! Voy a #Santiago de #Chile para asistir a una conferencia en el mes de Julio. La conferencia se realizará en el hotel Intercontinental Santiago (enlace al sequir).

¿Tiene sugerencias para este viaje? ¿Será un aeropuerto mejor al otro? ¿Debería ver otro hoteles cerca al hotel de la conferencia? ¡Toda sugerencia será muy útil!

I'm visiting Santiago, Chile for a #conference in July (#ISPP). The conference #hotel is the Intercontinental Santiago (link below). Do you have any suggestions for this trip? Is one airport in Santiago better? Should I be looking at other hotels near the conference hotel? All suggestions are helpfu!

https://www.ihg.com/intercontinental/hotels/us/en/santiago/sclha/hoteldetail

#travel #ispp2024 #airfare #flights #airport

I’m in Montreal for the next four days to attend the annual meeting of the International Society of Political Psychology (ISPP) - I regularly attend and present at this wonderful interdisciplinary meeting - my first conference was 33 years ago - I’ll be discussing our new book on perspectives on political psychology tomorrow and presenting a paper “Narratives of Recognition” - I’ll also be sitting in on an impressive showcase of new scholarship

#ISPP

#PoliticalPsychology

#PNL

#Pakistan 🇵🇰: Security Forces killed 4 #ISPP/#ISKP militants in Ghulam Khan, North Waziristan (near the border with #Afghanistan).

A Chinese Type 56-1 rifle, an AKM rifle, Beretta Mod 70 pistol, craft-produced Turkish TİSAŞ Zigana K pattern pistol and F-1 grenades were captured.