Solar-Powered Desalination Produces Drinking Water and Recovers Valuable Minerals
π° Original title: New Desalination System Turns Seawater Into Drinking Water and Useful Salts
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Solar-Powered Desalination Produces Drinking Water and Recovers Valuable Minerals
Researchers at the University of Rochester, led by Professor Chunlei Guo, have developed an innovative solar-powered desalination system that converts seawater into drinking water while recovering nearly all salts in solid form. Unlike traditional desalination methods that create environmentally harmful brine, this system uses black metal panels etched with femtosecond lasers. The laser-textured surfaces make the panels highly absorbent of sunlight and extremely effective at wicking water. Water is pulled across the panel, evaporates, and leaves the salts to slide into untreated regions, preventing clogging and maintaining continuous operation. This technology not only produces fresh water but also isolates valuable minerals, including lithium, which is essential for lithium-ion batteries. In tests using water from three oceans and the Great Salt Lake, the system extracted almost all salts and recovered about 50% of lithium from the residual minerals. The panelsβ design allows for scalable applications, offering potential global benefits for drinking water access and sustainable mineral sourcing. Funding came from the National Science Foundation, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and the Worldwide Universities Network. While the technology is still in the proof-of-concept stage, its innovative approach could reduce energy consumption and environmental impact compared to conventional desalination.





