Magnifica Humanitas: Pope Leo XIV – Conclusion.


ON SAFEGUARDING THE HUMAN PERSON
IN THE TIME OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Posted by Jerry Alatalo | May 30, 2026

[Editor’s note: (Inclusion of United States President Donald Trump’s corrupt, irreverent, blasphemous image is for the purpose of emphasizing Trump’s profound philosophical/religious oppositeness to the worldview held by Pope Leo XIV.) Readers can study the entire encyclical letter of Pope Leo XIV by visiting the Vatican website. The letter’s Conclusion is republished below. We strongly encourage readers to pay particular attention to Pope Leo XIV’s unambiguous, loud and clear warning about the excessively dangerous nature of artificial intelligence-driven autonomous warfare. Peace.]

***

CONCLUSION

229. “Let each builder choose with care how to build” (1 Cor 3:10). With these words, Saint Paul encouraged the Christians of Corinth to preserve unity. Dear brothers and sisters, we have reflected on the world we are building, and we asked ourselves what it means to safeguard the human person in the era of artificial intelligence. At the end of this reflection, I would like to propose a sober yet demanding program of Christian life with which we can navigate this epochal change in the light of the Gospel. This avenue emerges through contemplating God’s plan, living ecclesial unity by partaking of the Eucharist, building a world centered on the common good and praying in union with the Blessed Virgin Mary.

The Word became flesh

230. Our world is filled with attempts to seize control of markets and spheres of influence, often shrouded in reassuring rhetoric and seductive ideologies. Yet our hearts yearn for an approach that is wise and benevolent, akin to that which Mary praises in her Magnificat, when she proclaims that God’s mercy extends in every generation to those who fear him. [205] This plan of mercy continues to unfold throughout history today, even amid the rapid and unsettling changes brought by algorithms and global networks, and it becomes a compass in the digital era for living our lives according to the Gospel.

231. At the heart of everything is the mystery of the Incarnation, the Word who became flesh and dwelt among us. The flesh of the Son, poor and vulnerable, evokes the flesh of so many brothers and sisters stripped of their dignity and reduced to silence. [206] Through the Lord’s closeness, the gift of peace enters into the world in a paradoxical way. It does so through the power to become children of God, and is awakened when we allow ourselves to be moved by the tears of the little ones, the fragility of the elderly, the silence of victims and the struggle of those who fight against the evil they do not wish to commit. [207] In this wounded yet beloved flesh, the Father shows us the true humanity of a life fulfilled through openness and communion, which leads us to desire that his will be done on earth as it is in heaven. [208]

232. In the promises of transhumanism and some posthumanist currents of thought, which seek an enhanced and almost disembodied humanity, we recognize a yearning that is of concern to us, namely the need for a fuller life, less exposed to limitations and suffering. Yet the Incarnation opens a different pathway. On the one hand, old and new ideologies alike urge humanity to overcome limitations through technology, and to rise above others by asserting dominance. Contrary to this, the mystery of the Son of God entering into our human condition promises something quite different. The living God descends into our history in order to free us from all forms of slavery. [209] He takes upon himself our weakness and transforms it into a setting for salvation. There is no moment or human situation that is not worthy of God. “According to the teaching of our faith, we have and adore, in our mysteries, a God who is born in a manger, a God who lives and travels in Judea, a God who dies on the cross, a dead God who lies in the tomb.” [210] The future of humanity, therefore, finds its standard in the ability to welcome this divine way of drawing near, of sharing the burden of the world, of transforming relationships from within. “O wonder… man is God and this God-Man passes through all those stages, endures all those states and ennobles them, sanctifies them, deifies them in himself!” [211] What saves humanity is the divine love that descends into the most fragile point of our history and renews it from within.

233. For this reason, as a believer among believers, I invite everyone to contemplate, in the face of the Son of God, the grandeur of humanity that shines a light also on the era of AI. In Christ, we are called to cooperate in the work of creation, rather than be disinterested observers of technological processes that limit our freedom and responsibility. [212] The dignity inscribed in each of us by the Holy Spirit can also be seen in our capacity to reflect critically, choose and love freely, and form authentic relationships. No computational system, however sophisticated, can create a heart that gives itself, or a conscience that discerns good from evil. Even when machines excel in efficiency, a human face that asks to be gazed upon remains the center of our history. This human face is the fullness toward which history is moving. It is the mystery of “recapitulation”: the certainty that the Father has decreed to bring all things, those in heaven and those on earth, back to Christ, the one Head (cf. Eph 1:10). In this plan, nothing will be lost that is authentically human. Indeed, everything will be purified and reunited in the One, who gathers every fragment of life, every tear and every authentically human achievement, rescuing them from nothingness and delivering them, redeemed, to the Father.

One body in Christ

234. The spirituality that we need is a Eucharistic spirituality, that is, a spirituality of ecclesial unity in love. The Incarnation and the Paschal Mystery reveal God entering into our human condition and transforming it through the gift of himself. This gift remains present and active in the Eucharist, in which the Lord gives himself and gathers the Church together, so that his offering becomes the principle of unity and source of new life. It is from this communion that Christian solidarity also arises, since “union with Christ is also union with all those to whom he gives himself.” [213] As Saint Augustine explained to the new Christians of his local Church, the bread and wine on the altar are the sacrament of the unity of the faithful in Christ: “What is seen is a mere physical likeness; what is grasped bears spiritual fruit. So now, if you want to understand the body of Christ, listen to the Apostle Paul speaking to the faithful: together you are the body of Christ ( 1 Cor 12:27). If you are the body and members of Christ, then it is your sacrament that is placed on the table of the Lord; it is your sacrament that you receive. You respond ‘Amen,’ and by responding in this way you assent to it. For you hear the words, ‘the Body of Christ’ and respond ‘Amen.’ Be then a member of the Body of Christ that your Amen may be true!” [214]

235. The “Amen” that we say in the liturgy, the Body we eat and the Blood we drink shape our entire lives. The Eucharist “is an extremely personal encounter with the Lord and yet never simply an act of individual piety.” [215] In the Eucharist we find a visible manifestation of the reality that we “are the Church of Christ, his members, his body. We are brothers and sisters in him. And in Christ, though many and diverse, we are one: In Illo uno unum.” [216] The Eucharist opens us to justice and sharing, with a preferential concern for those who are burdened by poverty or marginalization. And while new economic and technological networks can generate exclusion, isolation and dependencies, the Church — nourished by the Eucharist — is called to make visible a different paradigm, one that preserves human connections, gives a voice to the invisible and ensures that processes are aimed at respecting people’s dignity.

The construction site of our time

236. The spirituality I wish to commend is that of the “wise architect” who, driven by hope for the Kingdom of God, is committed to building the world for the common good (cf. 1 Cor 3:10). As I mentioned at the beginning of this reflection, [217] the task of building in our time must place our relationship with God at its center. Our rule must be the acceptance of human limitations as a natural and positive reality, and should be characterized by shared responsibility and a language characterized by the Gospel. At the end of this reflection, the plan for a civilization of love can be seen more clearly, and the construction site appears to be already up and running, thanks especially to the many living stones solidly united to Christ the cornerstone (cf. 1 Pet 2:4-6). In this task, we are called to assume an active role, without taking refuge in spiritual sentimentality or retreating into our own little worlds. We must be faithful to the truth, invest in education, cultivate relationships and love justice and peace.

237. Let us remain faithful to the truth! Living amid incessant flows of information, opinions and images, we know how easy it can be to influence decisions and preferences through increasingly sophisticated algorithms. [218] In this context, it is imperative to cultivate hearts that love the truth, prefer what is right despite the most appealing content and pursue wisdom rather than immediate results. We must always keep before us the truth about God and humanity, just as Christ has revealed them to us. We must lay aside an individualistic and technical view of humanity, as if reality were mere matter to be shaped according to selfish interests, whether individual or collective. [219] Instead, let us cultivate what Pope Francis called a “situated anthropocentrism,” [220] which recognizes the human being as a creature embedded in a network of relationships with other living beings and with all of creation. Fidelity to the truth requires integrating the possibilities offered by technology within a framework marked by wisdom, which is capable of safeguarding both the dignity of each person and the future of our common home.

238. Let us invest in education, beginning with ourselves! We all need to learn how to engage with the digital world in a human way, as an integral part of our education in the faith and in a life lived according to the Gospel. Indeed, we must consider the digital world as a new continent to be evangelized, one that requires generous missionaries who are mature in the faith. In a particular way, we need adults to rediscover their vocation as artisans of education, prepared to work patiently each day, with the support of extensive and shared educational partnerships. Today, accompanying children and young people in using technology for developing responsible relationships, helping them to recognize the risks and choose what fosters inner freedom, is a concrete form of charity and will safeguard their dignity. Teaching new generations that technological evolution does not follow a predetermined path, but can be guided by personal and collective responsibility, constitutes one of the most valuable services to the common good.

239. Let us cultivate relationships! In an era that favors speed and fragmentation, the human person still yearns to receive care and recognition from attentive minds, kind words and hands capable of tenderness. The digital culture multiplies connections and offers new opportunities for interaction; yet, the human heart retains an irrevocable need for genuine closeness. I invite everyone to cherish places and times where physical presence remains crucial, such as shared meals, Christian community gatherings, time spent with the lonely and serving the poor. These are signs of a humanity that continues to believe that every person’s body is a dwelling place of God and a temple of the Holy Spirit. It is precisely this covenant between glory and fragility that becomes the criterion for evaluating the anthropological models offered by contemporary culture.

240. Let us love justice and peace! The same technologies that facilitate communication and access to resources can also support models that exploit the most vulnerable, create new forms of slavery and derive profit from conflict. Every technical or economic decision should include spiritual discernment and be an opportunity for assessing whether the advances in AI are promoting justice and participation or concentrating wealth and power in the hands of a select few. I would encourage a careful examination of the supply chains of digital production, the working conditions hidden behind our devices and the mechanisms that profit from manipulation and war. At the same time, practical ways of fostering fairness, participation and care for creation must be found. We proclaim a hope rooted in the One who came down from heaven to “create a new story here below.” For this reason, those who believe are committed to ensuring that a greater justice will take the place of inequality, and that the industry of war will be replaced by the craft of peace. [221]

241. As we look to the future, I would like to recall the image of Nehemiah whom we chose as our companion and guide at the outset. Nehemiah heard the cry of a devastated city, brought that pain to prayer, discerned before God, asked for help, received permission to return, organized the work, confronted internal and external resistance and rebuilt the walls of Jerusalem with the assistance of the people, brick by brick. In this era of digital transformation, I see in him a striking parable of our own vocation, which is not to be passive spectators of social and cultural fractures, nor mere commentators on what is crumbling, but men and women prepared to enter the construction sites of history — research laboratories, technology companies, schools, the media, institutions and local communities — in order to rebuild what has collapsed and protect what is threatened. Like Nehemiah, we too are called to unite listening and courage, prayer and responsibility, so that, even when a technocratic mentality or partisan interests seem to prevail, the human city may become a more fitting place to live.

242. The image of rebuilding Jerusalem evokes the New Testament promise of the holy city, which is given to us first and foremost as a gift. In the Book of Revelation, the new Jerusalem descends as a gift for all God’s people, “prepared as a bride adorned for her husband” (Rev 21:2). The walls of Jerusalem are no longer defensive fortifications, but the precious adornments of the Bride of the Lamb. Its gates, which Nehemiah guarded so diligently, remain permanently open to all nations. God’s presence offers light and life to all. The city is a new Eden, with its living water offered to the thirsty, and its tree of life whose leaves “are for the healing of the nations” (Rev 22:2). As we await its fulfillment, this vision is set before us as an encouragement — a call to overcome our divisions and to work together — for this is the way of Jesus Christ, yesterday, today and forever.

The song of hope: the Magnificat

243. After having considered faith, which contemplates the Father’s loving plan; love, which unites us in one ecclesial body; and hope, which sustains our actions in the world, the fourth pillar of this program for Christian life is prayer. Mary’s song accompanies our commitment. Before Elizabeth who announces to her that she has become the mother of the Lord, Mary bursts into a hymn of praise and joy. Her soul magnifies the Lord, and her spirit rejoices in God her Savior, for he chose a young, poor and humble girl for his plan of salvation. Mary suddenly sees all of history through the lens of this revelation. Nothing has changed around her; the socio-political situation of her time remains the same. The Romans continue to control her land, and her people are still subjugated and humiliated. Yet, everything has changed within her, and this allows her to see what is invisible. God has already shown the strength of his arm; he has already scattered the proud, cast down the mighty, lifted up the lowly, filled the hungry with good things and sent the rich away empty-handed. He has already helped Israel, his servant. God “takes the part of the lowly. His plan is one that is often hidden beneath the opaque context of human events that see ‘the proud, the mighty and the rich’ triumph. Yet his secret strength is destined in the end to be revealed.” [222]

244. The Blessed Virgin Mary not only teaches us to recognize God’s invisible work, but also directs our gaze to “the points at which humanity is broken and the world becomes distorted: the contrast between the humble and the powerful, the poor and the rich, the satiated and the hungry,” teaching us “to look at the world from a lower position: through the eyes of those who suffer rather than the mighty; to view history through the eyes of the little ones, rather than through the perspective of the powerful; to interpret the events of history from the viewpoint of the widow, the orphan, the stranger, the wounded child, the exile and the fugitive.” [223] The Blessed Virgin thus becomes “poet and prophetess of Redemption,” because on her lips is proclaimed “the strongest and most innovative hymn ever articulated, the Magnificat; it is she who reveals the transformative vision of the Christian economy, the historical and social result that still draws its origin and strength from Christianity.” [224]

245. With the same faith as Mary, let us become “weavers of hope” in our world, sharing who we are and what we have, so that the presence of Jesus may grow among us and his Kingdom take shape. In the humble fidelity of daily life, even the era of AI can become a time in which the Holy Spirit brings about the civilization of love in our lives. Indeed, the Lord continues to make all things new and offers every era the possibility of becoming part of salvation history in the light of the Incarnation. I entrust our desire to the Mother of Christ, to the Woman of the Magnificat, that she may guide our steps through this time of change and preserve in each of us true faith in the Gospel, so that we may bear witness to the grandeur of humanity, in which God has made his dwelling.

Given in Rome, at Saint Peter’s, on 15 May, in the year 2026, the second of my Pontificate.

#AIDrivenWar #ArtificialIntelligenceAndWar #Cosmology #DonaldTrump #MagnificaHumanitas #Philosophy #Religion

Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) to Israel?


Posted by Jerry Alatalo | May 2, 2026

[Editor’s note: Here is my brief comment in response to the brief post on MiddleEastMonitor.com:

“The US State Department said Friday that it approved the possible sale of Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) and related equipment to Israel…”

*

Ask your Zionist Christian family, friends, co-workers and others for their thoughts on the fantastic, shiny new Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System…]

Advanced means being beyond the basic or introductory level, often referring to something that is highly developed or sophisticated. It can also describe a stage in a process that is far along in development or progress.

Readers may agree or disagree in the comments on the following (my additional, objective, non-proselytizing) reaction to this ominous development:

There is absolutely nothing “Advanced” about a weapon system which is manufactured and sold for its main feature – precision killing efficiency; on the contrary, a weapon system which kills with precision is a representative true reflection of an existing collective-evil criminal insanity.

Reprobate comes to mind…

reprobate /rĕp′rə-bāt″/

noun

  • One morally abandoned and lost.
  • 2. A morally unprincipled person.

    3. One who is predestined to damnation.

    (American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language)

    In the Bible, “reprobate” refers to individuals who are morally corrupt and rejected by God due to their persistent sinfulness and refusal to repent. It signifies a state of being abandoned to sin and the consequences of a hardened heart, as seen in passages like Jeremiah 6:30 and Romans 1:28.

    (Jeremiah 6:30 refers to the people of Judah being called “reprobate silver,” indicating that they are worthless and rejected by God due to their corruption and refusal to repent. This verse emphasizes that despite God’s efforts to refine them, they have proven to be beyond redemption. Romans 1:28 means that when people choose not to acknowledge God, He allows them to follow their sinful desires, resulting in a depraved mind that leads to improper actions. This reflects a consequence of rejecting divine knowledge and truth.)

    (Secular/nonreligious): A reprobate is a person who behaves in a morally wrong way, often described as unprincipled or depraved. The term can also refer to someone who is condemned or rejected as unworthy.

    ***

    US Approves Possible Sale of Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System to Israel

    May 2, 2026 at 12:02 pm

    An Israeli soldier aims his weapon during an Israeli army raid in the northern West Bank city of Nablus, in Nablus, West Bank, Palestine on April 12, 2026. [Nedal Eshtayah – Anadolu Agency]

    The US State Department said Friday that it approved the possible sale of Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) and related equipment to Israel, Anadolu Agency reports.

    The estimated total cost is $992.4 million, it said in a statement.

    “The proposed sale will improve Israel’s capability to meet current and future threats, strengthen its homeland defense, and serve as a deterrent to regional threats. Israel will have no difficulty absorbing these articles and services into its armed forces,” it added.

    The principal contractor will be BAE Systems in the US state of New Hampshire.

    The US has long been criticized for providing support to Israel for its genocidal war in the Gaza Strip, where more than 72,000 people, mostly women and children, have been killed since October 2023. A ceasefire was reached in October 2025, but violations have been frequent.

    Several American lawmakers have demanded that the US stop supplying weapons to Israel and accused it of being complicit in Israel’s war in Gaza.

    READ: New US shipment of 6,500 tons of military aid arrives in Israel

    #AIWarfare #ArtificialIntelligenceAndWar #AutonomousWeapons #BAESystems #DonaldTrump #Israel #NewHampshire #Palantir

    Spiritual Enlightenment is #1 Priority for the Human Race – Not AI-Driven War.


    Article republished by Jerry Alatalo | April 30, 2026

    (Source: ConsortiumNews.com)

    [Editor’s note: Here is my response to the article:

    Another briefing by Defence Minister Luke Pollard, which was delivered in private but obtained by Declassified, offers additional clues about the role of British satellite operations in the war.

    Pollard said last month that artificial intelligence (AI) applications were “helping save lives in the Middle East, protecting British citizens, British bases and British allies across the Gulf.”

    He went on to acknowledge that the U.K. government was “using AI to enhance the speed of backfield decision making, to analyse satellite images.”

    This effort might be assisted by Palantir, [the data analysis and AI software company], which sponsored a U.K. Space Command conference in 2024 and said it was “pushing AI to the very edge of space in ways that’s never been seen before” while supporting “agile operations for our allies in the U.S. [and] U.K.”

    *

    Criticism of artificial intelligence-driven warfare includes concerns about the loss of human judgment in life-and-death decisions, the opacity of algorithmic decision-making, and the potential for unintended civilian casualties due to errors in targeting. Additionally, there are significant ethical and legal challenges regarding accountability when autonomous systems malfunction or misclassify targets.

    (Source: DuckDuckGo “Search Assist” – response to query: “Criticism of artificial intelligence-driven warfare”)

    *

    The Pentagon is aiming to increase funding more than a hundredfold for an autonomous drone warfare program, according to budget documents released this week, signalling a major pivot towards AI-powered war.

    In its 2027 budget, the Pentagon has asked for over $54bn to fund the Defense Autonomous Warfare Group, a 24,000% increase on last year.

    An overview of the budget describes this money as going towards “autonomous and remotely operated systems across air, land, and above and below the sea,” including the “Drone Dominance” program.

    The amount is over half the entire defence budget of the UK. In an opinion piece published yesterday, former CIA director David Petraeus said it was “the largest single commitment to autonomous warfare in history”.

    (Source: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/apr/22/pentagon-asks-for-54bn-in-pivot-towards-ai-powered-war)

    *

    The human race needs a healthy dose of spiritual enlightenment as noted by the late Native American spiritual leader Rolling Thunder (1916-1997): “The most basic principle of all is that of not harming others, and that means all people, all life, and all things.”

    The LAST thing the human race needs at this pivotal, precarious, wars-and-rumors-of-wars moment in history is soulless, non-discerning, coldly-harmful-and-destructive, autonomous (artificial intelligence-driven) war.

    Peace.]

    ***

    UK Intel Role in Iran War UK Says It’s Not In

    April 30, 2026

    Ministry of Defence satellite data analysed by Declassified UK indicate Britain had a more active role in Iran war than ministers admit, Abdullah Farooq and John McEvoy report.

    The UK Space Command uniform patch, being worn by personnel at RAF Fylingdales. (Charliehaines /Wikimedia Commons /CC BY-SA 4.0)

    By Abdullah Farooq and John McEvoy
    Declassified UK

    The U.K. government has played a quiet intelligence role in the illegal U.S.-Israeli war on Iran, satellite data analysed by Declassified suggests.

    Britain’s Ministry of Defence (MoD) sent its first earth imaging satellite, named Tyche, into space in August 2024.

    The satellite can obtain images with a 90cm resolution within a 5-kilometer imaging swath, enabling the identification of military targets with high resolution.

    “The washing machine-sized spacecraft will have sufficient resolution to identify battlefield troop positions and vehicles,” the BBC reported.

    Analysis of Tyche’s recent movements indicates the satellite increased passes over Iran before the Twelve-Day War last June as well as the latest conflict.

    While the MoD says Tyche’s orbit has not been deliberately altered, the number of passes over Iran spiked from 12 in April last year to 39 in May and 50 in June, representing an overall increase of over 300 percent. 

    Passes over Iran declined between July and September before increasing again in October to 55, reaching an all-time high of 69 in December and remaining elevated during the 2026 war.

    The satellite also passed over some military targets in Iran shortly before they were attacked by the U.S. or Israel.

    The information suggests Britain has played a more active intelligence role than ministers admit, and appears to further challenge the government’s claim of only “defensive” participation.

    An MoD spokesperson refused to say whether British satellite imagery over Iran had been shared with the U.S. or Israel, citing “intelligence” reasons. 

    [On April 29, British Prime Minister Keir Starmer said:

    “My position on the Iran war has been clear from the start. We’re not going to get dragged into this war. It is not our war and a lot of pressure has been applied to me to take a different course… I’m not going to change my mind. I’m not going to yield. It is not in our national interest to join this war and we will not do so. I know where I stand.”

    However, the BBC reported that Starmer said on March 6:

    “Look, the special relationship is in operation right now. We’re sharing intelligence on a 24/7 basis in the usual way. That is the special relationship.”

    Satellite activity

    Declassified used open-source two-line element (TLE) data and a propagation algorithm to determine where the satellite had gone since September 2024, and calculated the imaging swath based on the scene width, resolution, and inclination of the satellite.

    Two-line element data provides the satellite’s position and timestamp, the algorithm shows where the satellite is in Earth-centered coordinates, and the swath calculation determines where the satellite could have been imaging.

    Passes over the earth at night were filtered out, as the satellite is only capable of acquiring daytime imagery.

    The results show a high concentration of daytime passes over Iran before and during the Twelve-Day War as well as before and during the latest conflict.

    Data show increase in passes over Iran during key moments of geopolitical significance. (Data from space-track.org analysed by Abdullah Farooq)

    The data was compared with randomly chosen locations in Mexico and western Europe with the same measurement area to assess if the increase in passes over Iran was not part of a broader trend.

    No significant increase was observed in these other areas over the same period.

    Open source tracking of airstrikes on Iranian targets was also compared with the calculated imaging swath of the satellite.

    This data indicates that Tyche passed over the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)  Amand missile base just north of Tabriz, the IRGC Aerospace Force’s air defence command in Tehran and the Parachin military complex, shortly before those sites were attacked.

    Taken together, the data points to a deliberate decision by the MoD to collect aerial imagery over Iran at key moments of geopolitical significance, consistent with ministerial statements on U.K. Space Command’s support to allies in the region.

    The MoD denies altering the movements of Tyche at any point since it was launched, even though the Royal Air Force (RAF) explicitly stated last year that the satellite had “demonstrate[d]” its “ability to capture imagery from anywhere on earth when Defence needs it.”

    Satellite imagery taken by Tyche over Heathrow Airport in London. (MoD via Declassified UK)

    When asked to clarify the RAF’s statement and explain apparent changes in the Tyche’s orbital trajectory, the MoD stopped responding.

    While the U.S. has its own military satellites (many of which are more powerful than Tyche), Britain’s contribution appears to focus on burden sharing and developing operational capacity, particularly in terms of locating, tracking, and intercepting missiles.

    Any such intelligence collaboration, moreover, could be part of an effort to placate Trump amid deteriorating diplomatic relations between the U.S. and Britain.

    Last month, a parliamentary defence committee issued a cryptic statement based on a secret official briefing about the U.K. government’s role in the war.

    It found a “considerable gap between some of the political rhetoric circulating internationally, and the reality of the U.K.’s support to the United States and regional partners”.

    ‘Monitoring Daily Iranian Missile Activity’

    U.K. Defence Secretary John Healey and Prime Minister Keir Starmer at the Munich Security Conference on Feb. 14. (Simon Dawson / No 10 Downing Street /Flickr/CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

    The U.K. government has remained guarded about the extent of its intelligence collaboration with the U.S. and Israel amid the war on Iran.

    Last month, for instance, the MoD refused to say which countries it was sharing Tyche’s satellite imagery with. Defence Minister Al Carns said: “We cannot comment on the sharing of data from… Tyche satellite with other countries.”

    In an overlooked speech from last month, however, U.K. Defence Secretary John Healey admitted that “UK Space Command is monitoring daily Iranian missile activity.”

    He added that U.K. Space Command had

    “provided early warning to our armed forces and our allies operating across the region.”

    As the only MoD-owned aerial imaging satellite, Tyche would seem a primary contender for assisting in such operations.

    Another briefing by Defence Minister Luke Pollard, which was delivered in private but obtained by Declassified, offers additional clues about the role of British satellite operations in the war.

    Pollard said last month that artificial intelligence (AI) applications were “helping save lives in the Middle East, protecting British citizens, British bases and British allies across the Gulf.”

    He went on to acknowledge that the U.K. government was “using AI to enhance the speed of backfield decision making, to analyse satellite images.”

    This effort might be assisted by Palantir, [the data analysis and AI software company], which sponsored a U.K. Space Command conference in 2024 and said it was “pushing AI to the very edge of space in ways that’s never been seen before” while supporting “agile operations for our allies in the U.S. [and] U.K.”

    This month, the U.K. and U.S. also signed a joint declaration on deepening military cooperation in space.

    The statement, signed by senior members of the Royal Air Force and U.S. Space Force, notes that this includes “military collaboration and cooperation in the current threat environment to avoid operational surprise.”

    US Dependence

    As part of his “Arsenal of Freedom Tour,” U.S. Secretary of War Pete Hegseth tours SpaceX facilities in Brownsville, Texas, with SpaceX CEO Elon Musk in January. (DoW/Alexander Kubitza)

    While the Tyche is branded as the MoD’s first “wholly owned” earth imaging satellite, it was launched into orbit with the assistance of a SpaceX Falcon rocket flying out of California.

    Black Arrow, Britain’s first satellite launch system, was retired in 1971 — making the U.K. the only country to have developed and then abandoned a satellite launch capability.

    Recent efforts to build domestic spaceports are yet to result in any successful launches of satellites into orbit, with Richard Branson’s Virgin Orbit project in Cornwall going bankrupt after a failed mission. 

    As a result, satellites owned by the U.K. government — as well as those produced commercially with MoD support — require international assistance to get them into space.

    The MoD plans to launch several more spy satellites — including Juno, Oberon, and Titania – in the coming years, all of which appear likely to be launched by SpaceX.

    Juno will build on the capabilities of Tyche by also capturing daytime images of the Earth’s surface, “strengthening the U.K.’s Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance capabilities.”

    Oberon will use synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) imaging, allowing it to obtain high-resolution imagery during the day and night, providing even deeper surveillance capabilities. 

    Another MoD satellite, SKYNET 6A, will enhance space-based communications capabilities and serve GCHQ, [Government Communications Headquarters, a U.K. intelligence agency], and is scheduled for launch by SpaceX in 2027.

    The reliance on SpaceX raises questions about how sovereign Britain’s satellite capabilities really are, and prompts concerns about dependency on the company and its CEO, Elon Musk.

    Musk, a South African resident of the U.S., was revealed to have discussed ways to oust Starmer before the next election, and has emerged as an ally of far-right activist Tommy Robinson.

    Similar concerns have even been acknowledged in Whitehall.

    In November 2025, a parliamentary report entitled “The Space Economy: Act Now or Lose Out” observed how Musk’s Starlink had threatened to “cut off users to gain political leverage”.

    The report recommended that “future plans for UK space capabilities should reckon with the impacts of U.K. dependence on SpaceX and look to ensure access to diversified and/or sovereign services where possible”.

    It added: “The government should conduct research on the potential impacts of loss of access to SpaceX services.”

    Satellite Wars

    Satellites have become a heavy focus of media attention during the war on Iran. 

    Planet Labs, a California-based satellite imagery company, was asked by the U.S. government last month to restrict “access to images of Iran and large parts of the Middle East.”

    The request came amid apparent embarrassment within the Trump administration about the heavy losses incurred to its military and intelligence infrastructure in the region, as well as concerns that the platform could be used to enhance Iran’s intelligence capabilities.

    Commercial satellite companies have been sent guidance by the U.S. military on what “language and terms to avoid” when describing damage caused to its bases.

    Meanwhile, concerns have been raised about Chinese and Russian satellite support to Iran, indicating that the sharing of satellite imagery may be seen as co-belligerency.

    On April 15, for instance, it was reported that the IRGC had “secretly acquired” a Chinese military satellite system.

    The Financial Times reported that Iranian military commanders “tasked the satellite to monitor key U.S. military sites” before using it “to guide strikes” against them.

    Abdullah Farooq is a researcher and independent journalist. His work focuses on mapping military logistics around the world.

    John McEvoy is Chief Reporter for Declassified UK. John is an historian and filmmaker whose work focuses on British foreign policy and Latin America. His PhD was on Britain’s Secret Wars in Colombia between 1948 and 2009, and he is currently working on a documentary about Britain’s role in the rise of Augusto Pinochet.

    This article is from Declassified UK.

    #ArtificialIntelligenceAndWar #AutonomousWeapons #InternationalLaw #Philosophy #PoliticalScience #Religion #Theology